Physicochemical analysis and application of sardinella fimbriata-derived hydroxyapatite in toothpaste formulations

Abstract Background Toothpaste contains hydroxyapatite is a natural substance derived from fish bones. This study examines the physicochemical process of natural hydroxyapatite, conducts organoleptic testing, and assesses the homogeneity of Fringescale sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata) fish bone in...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ayub Irmadani Anwar, Muhammad Ruslin, Erni Marlina, H Hasanuddin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05557-7
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