Spray vaccination with a safe and bivalent H9N2 recombinant chimeric NDV vector vaccine elicits complete protection against NDV and H9N2 AIV challenge

Abstract Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) represent significant pathogenic risks to the poultry industry, leading to considerable economic losses. Vaccination is a widely used preventive measure against these pathogens, yet the lack of a live bivalent vaccine target...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaoquan Wang, Jing Dai, Wenhao Yang, Yao Yao, Jin Zhang, Kaituo Liu, Xiaolong Lu, Ruyi Gao, Yu Chen, Jiao Hu, Min Gu, Shunlin Hu, Xiufan Liu, Xiaowen Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-01-01
Series:Veterinary Research
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-025-01448-5
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