Ethnic Comparisons of Spike-Specific CD4+ T Cells, Serological Responses, and Neutralizing Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Ethnic Comparisons of Spike-Specific CD4+ T Cells, Serological Responses, and Neutralizing Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Background/Objectives: To evaluate how immune responses compare among ethnic groups approximately 2 years after receiving a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1or BBIBP-CorV), we tested T cell responses and Spike-specific RBD-antibody titer, and neutralized antibody titer lev...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fani Pantouli, Vanessa Silva-Moraes, Ted M. Ross
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Vaccines
Subjects:
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2 variants
spike
ethnicity
AIM+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells
activation markers
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/6/607
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