hucMSC-derived exosomes targeting macrophage polarization attenuate systemic inflammation in T1DM via INS/SOD1 delivery
Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by absolute insulin (INS) deficiency. As key components of the immune system, macrophages play critical roles in T1DM-associated pancreatic β-cell damage and multiorgan inflammatory injuries. Exosomes d...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Stem Cell Research & Therapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04521-0 |
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