Gremlin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Is a Crucial Angiogenic Factor in Pituitary Adenoma
Gremlin is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and a major driving force in skeletal modeling in the fetal stage. Several recent reports have shown that Gremlin is also involved in angiogenesis of lung cancer and diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/834137 |
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| _version_ | 1832560846811693056 |
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| author | Kenta Koketsu Daizo Yoshida Kyongsong Kim Yudo Ishii Shigeyuki Tahara Akira Teramoto Akio Morita |
| author_facet | Kenta Koketsu Daizo Yoshida Kyongsong Kim Yudo Ishii Shigeyuki Tahara Akira Teramoto Akio Morita |
| author_sort | Kenta Koketsu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gremlin is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and a major driving force in skeletal modeling in the fetal stage. Several recent reports have shown that Gremlin is also involved in angiogenesis of lung cancer and diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Gremlin in tumor angiogenesis in pituitary adenoma. Double fluorescence immunohistochemistry of Gremlin and CD34 was performed in pituitary adenoma tissues obtained during transsphenoidal surgery in 45 cases (7 PRLoma, 17 GHoma, 2 ACTHoma, and 2 TSHoma). Gremlin and microvascular density (MVD) were detected by double-immunofluorescence microscopy in CD34-positive vessels from tissue microarray analysis of 60 cases of pituitary adenomas (6 PRLoma, 23 GHoma, 22 NFoma, 5 ACTHoma, and 4 TSHoma). In tissue microarray analysis, MVD was significantly correlated with an increased Gremlin level (linear regression: P<0.005, r2=0.4958). In contrast, Gremlin expression showed no correlation with tumor subtype or Knosp score. The high level of expression of Gremlin in pituitary adenoma tissue with many CD34-positive vessels and the strong coherence of these regions indicate that Gremlin is associated with angiogenesis in pituitary adenoma cells. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f89174c257e04281bf0143ff44427133 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f89174c257e04281bf0143ff444271332025-02-03T01:26:35ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452015-01-01201510.1155/2015/834137834137Gremlin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Is a Crucial Angiogenic Factor in Pituitary AdenomaKenta Koketsu0Daizo Yoshida1Kyongsong Kim2Yudo Ishii3Shigeyuki Tahara4Akira Teramoto5Akio Morita6Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanGremlin is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and a major driving force in skeletal modeling in the fetal stage. Several recent reports have shown that Gremlin is also involved in angiogenesis of lung cancer and diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Gremlin in tumor angiogenesis in pituitary adenoma. Double fluorescence immunohistochemistry of Gremlin and CD34 was performed in pituitary adenoma tissues obtained during transsphenoidal surgery in 45 cases (7 PRLoma, 17 GHoma, 2 ACTHoma, and 2 TSHoma). Gremlin and microvascular density (MVD) were detected by double-immunofluorescence microscopy in CD34-positive vessels from tissue microarray analysis of 60 cases of pituitary adenomas (6 PRLoma, 23 GHoma, 22 NFoma, 5 ACTHoma, and 4 TSHoma). In tissue microarray analysis, MVD was significantly correlated with an increased Gremlin level (linear regression: P<0.005, r2=0.4958). In contrast, Gremlin expression showed no correlation with tumor subtype or Knosp score. The high level of expression of Gremlin in pituitary adenoma tissue with many CD34-positive vessels and the strong coherence of these regions indicate that Gremlin is associated with angiogenesis in pituitary adenoma cells.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/834137 |
| spellingShingle | Kenta Koketsu Daizo Yoshida Kyongsong Kim Yudo Ishii Shigeyuki Tahara Akira Teramoto Akio Morita Gremlin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Is a Crucial Angiogenic Factor in Pituitary Adenoma International Journal of Endocrinology |
| title | Gremlin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Is a Crucial Angiogenic Factor in Pituitary Adenoma |
| title_full | Gremlin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Is a Crucial Angiogenic Factor in Pituitary Adenoma |
| title_fullStr | Gremlin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Is a Crucial Angiogenic Factor in Pituitary Adenoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gremlin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Is a Crucial Angiogenic Factor in Pituitary Adenoma |
| title_short | Gremlin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist, Is a Crucial Angiogenic Factor in Pituitary Adenoma |
| title_sort | gremlin a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist is a crucial angiogenic factor in pituitary adenoma |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/834137 |
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