Engineered Outer Membrane Vesicles for Antigen Delivery: Exploratory Study on Adjuvant Activity and Systemic Reactogenicity

Background: Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs), nanosized particles derived from Gram-negative bacteria, are promising vaccine carriers due to innate immunogenicity and self-adjuvant properties. Yet the systematic evaluations of OMV-associated toxicity remain limited. Methods: We developed a CRISPR/Cas9...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lu Lu, Lina Zhai, Qikun Ou, Shuli Sang, Chen Cao, Yiyan Guan, Yunyun Mao, Yanfang Zhai, Kai Li, Rui Yu, Yanchun Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Vaccines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/6/552
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