Investigation of growth traits in Turkish Merino lambs using multi-locus GWAS approaches: Karacabey Merino

Abstract Background Sheep have demonstrated remarkable adaptability to diverse and unproductive pastures, making them highly advantageous in the context of sustainable farming practices in the globally warming world. Despite their adaptation skills, local sheep breeds generally exhibit low performan...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yalçın Yaman, Ramazan Aymaz, Murat Keleş, Yiğit Emir Kişi, Ecem Hatipoğlu, Arzu Özdemir, Elif Çetinkaya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Veterinary Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04957-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849235120564731904
author Yalçın Yaman
Ramazan Aymaz
Murat Keleş
Yiğit Emir Kişi
Ecem Hatipoğlu
Arzu Özdemir
Elif Çetinkaya
author_facet Yalçın Yaman
Ramazan Aymaz
Murat Keleş
Yiğit Emir Kişi
Ecem Hatipoğlu
Arzu Özdemir
Elif Çetinkaya
author_sort Yalçın Yaman
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Sheep have demonstrated remarkable adaptability to diverse and unproductive pastures, making them highly advantageous in the context of sustainable farming practices in the globally warming world. Despite their adaptation skills, local sheep breeds generally exhibit low performance, highlighting the need to develop desired traits. Traditional Mixed Linear Model (MLM)-based single-locus Genome-Wide Association (GWA) studies may fall short in identifying multiple loci influencing traits due to their linear genome scanning approach, rendering them less effective for detecting polygenic effects. Objectives To identify genetic variants associated with birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW) in Karacabey Merino lambs using multi-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches, and to propose candidate genes for these economically important growth traits. Methods Five multi-locus approaches were employed, including MrMLM, FastMrMLM, ISIS EM-BLASSO, FASTmrEMMA, pLARmEB, and pKWmEB. These methods utilize a two-stage process to detect associated markers, first screening with a single locus approach at a less strict significance threshold, followed by collective evaluation using multi-locus GWA models. Gene annotation was performed to identify candidate genes based on SNP locations within intron regions or within ± 100 Kb proximity of associated SNPs. Results Using the five multi-locus approaches, 11 SNPs were detected with significant effects on birth weight and seven SNPs on weaning weight in Karacabey merino lambs. Gene annotation revealed most associated SNPs were within or very close to protein-coding genes, suggesting a functional role in trait influence. The genes GNAQ, CDKL4, PIP, SLC7A1, PBRM1, SORCS3, and NFATC1 were identified as candidate genes for birth weight, while BABAM2, LALBA, NOP14, FAM110B, SKAP1, SVIL, and ATXN1 were proposed as candidate genes for weaning weight. Conclusion These insights contribute to a better understanding of the genetic makeup of birth weight and weaning weight traits, supporting efforts to refine breeding programs for improved growth performance in Karacabey merino sheep. Graphical Abstract
format Article
id doaj-art-f501b7a783324fd2aa72b00341b1ce27
institution Kabale University
issn 1746-6148
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Veterinary Research
spelling doaj-art-f501b7a783324fd2aa72b00341b1ce272025-08-20T04:02:54ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482025-08-0121111610.1186/s12917-025-04957-9Investigation of growth traits in Turkish Merino lambs using multi-locus GWAS approaches: Karacabey MerinoYalçın Yaman0Ramazan Aymaz1Murat Keleş2Yiğit Emir Kişi3Ecem Hatipoğlu4Arzu Özdemir5Elif Çetinkaya6Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt UniversitySheep Research and Breeding InstituteSheep Research and Breeding InstituteSheep Research and Breeding InstituteInternational Center for Livestock Research and TrainingInternational Center for Livestock Research and TrainingFertilizer and Water Resources Central Research InstituteAbstract Background Sheep have demonstrated remarkable adaptability to diverse and unproductive pastures, making them highly advantageous in the context of sustainable farming practices in the globally warming world. Despite their adaptation skills, local sheep breeds generally exhibit low performance, highlighting the need to develop desired traits. Traditional Mixed Linear Model (MLM)-based single-locus Genome-Wide Association (GWA) studies may fall short in identifying multiple loci influencing traits due to their linear genome scanning approach, rendering them less effective for detecting polygenic effects. Objectives To identify genetic variants associated with birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW) in Karacabey Merino lambs using multi-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches, and to propose candidate genes for these economically important growth traits. Methods Five multi-locus approaches were employed, including MrMLM, FastMrMLM, ISIS EM-BLASSO, FASTmrEMMA, pLARmEB, and pKWmEB. These methods utilize a two-stage process to detect associated markers, first screening with a single locus approach at a less strict significance threshold, followed by collective evaluation using multi-locus GWA models. Gene annotation was performed to identify candidate genes based on SNP locations within intron regions or within ± 100 Kb proximity of associated SNPs. Results Using the five multi-locus approaches, 11 SNPs were detected with significant effects on birth weight and seven SNPs on weaning weight in Karacabey merino lambs. Gene annotation revealed most associated SNPs were within or very close to protein-coding genes, suggesting a functional role in trait influence. The genes GNAQ, CDKL4, PIP, SLC7A1, PBRM1, SORCS3, and NFATC1 were identified as candidate genes for birth weight, while BABAM2, LALBA, NOP14, FAM110B, SKAP1, SVIL, and ATXN1 were proposed as candidate genes for weaning weight. Conclusion These insights contribute to a better understanding of the genetic makeup of birth weight and weaning weight traits, supporting efforts to refine breeding programs for improved growth performance in Karacabey merino sheep. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04957-9Karacabey merinoMulti-locus GWASGrowth traitsBirth weightWeaning weight
spellingShingle Yalçın Yaman
Ramazan Aymaz
Murat Keleş
Yiğit Emir Kişi
Ecem Hatipoğlu
Arzu Özdemir
Elif Çetinkaya
Investigation of growth traits in Turkish Merino lambs using multi-locus GWAS approaches: Karacabey Merino
BMC Veterinary Research
Karacabey merino
Multi-locus GWAS
Growth traits
Birth weight
Weaning weight
title Investigation of growth traits in Turkish Merino lambs using multi-locus GWAS approaches: Karacabey Merino
title_full Investigation of growth traits in Turkish Merino lambs using multi-locus GWAS approaches: Karacabey Merino
title_fullStr Investigation of growth traits in Turkish Merino lambs using multi-locus GWAS approaches: Karacabey Merino
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of growth traits in Turkish Merino lambs using multi-locus GWAS approaches: Karacabey Merino
title_short Investigation of growth traits in Turkish Merino lambs using multi-locus GWAS approaches: Karacabey Merino
title_sort investigation of growth traits in turkish merino lambs using multi locus gwas approaches karacabey merino
topic Karacabey merino
Multi-locus GWAS
Growth traits
Birth weight
Weaning weight
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04957-9
work_keys_str_mv AT yalcınyaman investigationofgrowthtraitsinturkishmerinolambsusingmultilocusgwasapproacheskaracabeymerino
AT ramazanaymaz investigationofgrowthtraitsinturkishmerinolambsusingmultilocusgwasapproacheskaracabeymerino
AT muratkeles investigationofgrowthtraitsinturkishmerinolambsusingmultilocusgwasapproacheskaracabeymerino
AT yigitemirkisi investigationofgrowthtraitsinturkishmerinolambsusingmultilocusgwasapproacheskaracabeymerino
AT ecemhatipoglu investigationofgrowthtraitsinturkishmerinolambsusingmultilocusgwasapproacheskaracabeymerino
AT arzuozdemir investigationofgrowthtraitsinturkishmerinolambsusingmultilocusgwasapproacheskaracabeymerino
AT elifcetinkaya investigationofgrowthtraitsinturkishmerinolambsusingmultilocusgwasapproacheskaracabeymerino