Manganese exposure and its U-shaped relationship with diabetic retinopathy: analysis of NHANES 2011–2020

BackgroundAlthough many studies have pointed to the role of manganese in various diseases. However, there are surprisingly few studies on the potential relationship between manganese and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The available literature fails to provide definitive conclusions regarding the directi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xi Chen, Zhenzhen Gu, Yixin Qi, Xiaofeng Hao, Like Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1619751/full
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