Diagnosis and Treatment of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Imaging Modalities, Conservative Interventions, and Surgical Approaches

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a rare condition that primarily affects people in the first half of their lives. TOS is divided into three types depending on the affected structures: neurogenic, arterial, and venous. The spectrum of symptoms is broad, ranging from their complete absence to life-t...

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Main Authors: Joanna Wziątek, Piotr Kowalik, Magdalena Strzelczyk, Paula Bętkowska, Iwona Koziołek, Gabriela Pabis, Patrycja Fatyga, Daria Krzyżanowska, Wiktoria Fatyga, Kinga Dowierciał
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 2025-07-01
Series:Quality in Sport
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Online Access:https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/61241
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