Enhancing biodiesel yield from high free fatty acid paradise seed oil via two-stage acid-base esterification: Implications for CI engine application

Enhancing biodiesel yield from high free fatty acid paradise seed oil via two-stage acid-base esterification: Implications for CI engine application

Paradise Seed Oil (PSO), which has an elevated fatty acid content in its molecular structure, was chosen for this study. Through a two-stage acid-base esterification process, the free fatty acid content was reduced, and its biodiesel (BD) was prepared and it is named as Paradise Bio-diesel (PBD). Th...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: P. Jeyalakshmi, A. Tamilvanan, T. Mohanraj, Rajendran Prabakaran, Sung Chul Kim, Jayant Giri, Faruq Mohammad, Mohd Sajid Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Subjects:
Paradise seed oil
Paradise biodiesel
Central composite rotatable design
Acid value
Free fatty acids
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25003521
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