Contamination, Ecotoxicological Risks, and Sources of Potentially Toxic Elements in Roadside Dust Along Lahore–Islamabad Motorway (M-2), Pakistan

Contamination, Ecotoxicological Risks, and Sources of Potentially Toxic Elements in Roadside Dust Along Lahore–Islamabad Motorway (M-2), Pakistan

The Lahore–Islamabad Motorway (M-2) is a critical transportation corridor in Pakistan, where contamination in roadside dust by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) presents potential environmental and health concerns. This study evaluates the concentration, spatial distribution, and ecological risks of...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ibrar Hayat, Wajid Ali, Said Muhammad, Muhammad Nafees, Abdur Raziq, Imran Ud Din, Jehanzeb Khan, Shahid Iqbal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Urban Science
Subjects:
potentially toxic elements
health risks
ecological risks
road dust
spatial distribution
sources
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2413-8851/9/6/225
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