Long-Term Follow-Up of Professional Soccer Players: The Analyses of Left and Right Heart Morphology and Function by Conventional, Three-Dimensional, and Deformation Analyses

Long-Term Follow-Up of Professional Soccer Players: The Analyses of Left and Right Heart Morphology and Function by Conventional, Three-Dimensional, and Deformation Analyses

<b>Background:</b> Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the primary imaging modality to assess cardiac morphology and function. In athletes, distinguishing physiological adaptations from pathological changes is essential. This study aimed to evaluate long-term cardiac structural and f...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Joscha Kandels, Michael Metze, Stephan Stöbe, Lisa Do, Maximilian Nicolas Möbius-Winkler, Marios Antoniadis, Andreas Hagendorff, Robert Percy Marshall
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Diagnostics
Subjects:
athletes
transthoracic echocardiography
long term follow-up
soccer
athlete’s heart
strain
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/14/1745
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https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/14/1745

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