Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from <i>Brassica rapa</i> L. and Its Effects on Gut Microbiota in Humanized Mice

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from <i>Brassica rapa</i> L. and Its Effects on Gut Microbiota in Humanized Mice

This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for polysaccharide isolation from <i>Brassica rapa</i> L. using Box–Behnken design, achieving a maximum yield of 41.12% under conditions of 60 °C, 60 min, 175 W ultrasonic power, and 30 mL/g liquid–solid ratios. The crude polysacc...

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Main Authors: Mengying Zhang, Wei Wang, Wei Li, Zhipeng Wang, Kaiyue Bi, Yanbo Li, Yuhan Wu, Yu Zhao, Rui Yang, Qingping Du
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. polysaccharide
ultrasound-assisted extraction
structural characterization
gut microbiota
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/11/1994
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Summary:This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for polysaccharide isolation from <i>Brassica rapa</i> L. using Box–Behnken design, achieving a maximum yield of 41.12% under conditions of 60 °C, 60 min, 175 W ultrasonic power, and 30 mL/g liquid–solid ratios. The crude polysaccharide (BRAP) was purified via DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 chromatography, yielding BRAP1-1 with the highest recovery rate. Structural analyses (FT-IR, HPGPC, SEM, SEC-MALLS-RI) identified BRAP1-1 as a β-glycosidic pyranose polysaccharide (32.55 kDa) composed of fucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid (molar ratio 0.81:4.30:3.61:1.69:89.59). In a humanized mouse model via fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), BRAP1-1 significantly increased α-diversity indices (ACE, Chao1; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and altered β-diversity, with PCA explaining 73% variance (PC1: 60.70%, PC2: 13.53%). BRAP1-1 elevated beneficial genera (<i>Lysinibacillus</i>, <i>Solibacillus</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i>, etc.) while suppressing pathogens (<i>Treponema</i>, <i>Flavobacterium</i>, etc.). Six genera, including <i>[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group</i> and <i>Bacteroidales</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05), correlated with acetic/propionic acid production. These findings demonstrate BRAP1-1’s potential to modulate gut microbiota composition and enhance intestinal homeostasis.
ISSN:2304-8158

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