Global Simulations of Gravitational Instability in Protostellar Disks with Full Radiation Transport. I. Stochastic Fragmentation with Optical-depth-dependent Rate and Universal Fragment Mass

Global Simulations of Gravitational Instability in Protostellar Disks with Full Radiation Transport. I. Stochastic Fragmentation with Optical-depth-dependent Rate and Universal Fragment Mass

Fragmentation in a gravitationally unstable accretion disk can be an important pathway for forming stellar/planetary companions. To characterize quantitatively the condition for and outcome of fragmentation under realistic thermodynamics, we perform global 3D simulations of gravitationally unstable...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wenrui Xu, Yan-Fei Jiang, Matthew W. Kunz, James M. Stone
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
Subjects:
Gravitational instability
Protoplanetary disks
Radiative transfer
Planet formation
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add14a
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add14a

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