Do bulls experience pain or stress during electroejaculation? Evidence from electroencephalography, behavioral, hormonal, and metabolite profiling

Do bulls experience pain or stress during electroejaculation? Evidence from electroencephalography, behavioral, hormonal, and metabolite profiling

Background and Aim: Electroejaculation (EE) is widely used for semen collection in bulls but raises concerns about animal welfare due to potential pain and stress. The physiological impact of EE on bulls remains a topic of debate, with previous studies yielding inconclusive results. This study aims...

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Main Authors: Ubedullah Kaka, Nurhusien Yimer Degu, Pavan Kumar, Abubakar Ahmed Abubakar, Yong-Meng Goh, Muhammad Waseem Aslam, Khaleeq Ur Rehman Bhutto, Muhammad Abdul Basit, Wasim S. M. Qadi, Norazlan Mohmad Misnan, Ahmed Mediani, Khor Kuan Hua
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Veterinary World 2025-04-01
Series:Veterinary World
Subjects:
bulls
electroejaculation
electroencephalography
hormonal indicators
metabolomics
pain
stress
Online Access:https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.18/April-2025/2.pdf
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https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.18/April-2025/2.pdf

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