Impact of beta blockers on cancer neuroimmunology: a systematic review and meta-analysis of survival outcomes and immune modulation
BackgroundEmerging evidence suggests that beta-blockers (BBs) may influence cancer progression by modulating the neuroimmune axis. However, clinical findings remain heterogeneous, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation of their impact on survival outcomes and immune modulation across malignancies....
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1635331/full |
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