The causal impact of bioavailable testosterone levels on osteoarthritis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomized study

Abstract Background It has been shown that low testosterone levels are associated with the development of osteoarthritis (OA). In our study, we aimed to investigate a bidirectional causal relationship between bioavailable testosterone levels and OA using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Method...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zong Jiang, Xiaoling Yao, Yuzheng Yang, Fang Tang, Wukai Ma, Xueming Yao, Weiya Lan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08626-8
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