Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data.
<h4>Background</h4>A large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on non-skeletal outcomes. We performed a systematic quantitative review on characteristics of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) included in meta-analyses (MA...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0180512&type=printable |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841533127324860416 |
|---|---|
| author | Lars Rejnmark Lise Sofie Bislev Kevin D Cashman Gudny Eiríksdottir Martin Gaksch Martin Grübler Guri Grimnes Vilmundur Gudnason Paul Lips Stefan Pilz Natasja M van Schoor Mairead Kiely Rolf Jorde |
| author_facet | Lars Rejnmark Lise Sofie Bislev Kevin D Cashman Gudny Eiríksdottir Martin Gaksch Martin Grübler Guri Grimnes Vilmundur Gudnason Paul Lips Stefan Pilz Natasja M van Schoor Mairead Kiely Rolf Jorde |
| author_sort | Lars Rejnmark |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>A large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on non-skeletal outcomes. We performed a systematic quantitative review on characteristics of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) included in meta-analyses (MAs) on non-skeletal effects of vitamin D supplementation.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We identified systematic reviews (SR) reporting summary data in terms of MAs of RCTs on selected non-skeletal outcomes. For each outcome, we summarized the results from available SRs and scrutinized included RCTs for a number of predefined characteristics. We identified 54 SRs including data from 210 RCTs. Most MAs as well as the individual RCTs reported null-findings on risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, weight-loss, and malignant diseases. Beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation was reported in 1 of 4 MAs on depression, 2 of 9 MAs on blood pressure, 3 of 7 MAs on respiratory tract infections, and 8 of 12 MAs on mortality. Most RCTs have primarily been performed to determine skeletal outcomes, whereas non-skeletal effects have been assessed as secondary outcomes. Only one-third of the RCTs had low level of 25OHD as a criterion for inclusion and a mean baseline 25OHD level below 50 nmol/L was only present in less than half of the analyses.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Published RCTs have mostly been performed in populations without low 25OHD levels. The fact that most MAs on results from RCTs did not show a beneficial effect does not disprove the hypothesis suggested by observational findings on adverse health outcomes of low 25OHD levels. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dc9b4ccc35a44699913fb16b9b423b87 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-dc9b4ccc35a44699913fb16b9b423b872025-01-17T05:32:06ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-01127e018051210.1371/journal.pone.0180512Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data.Lars RejnmarkLise Sofie BislevKevin D CashmanGudny EiríksdottirMartin GakschMartin GrüblerGuri GrimnesVilmundur GudnasonPaul LipsStefan PilzNatasja M van SchoorMairead KielyRolf Jorde<h4>Background</h4>A large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on non-skeletal outcomes. We performed a systematic quantitative review on characteristics of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) included in meta-analyses (MAs) on non-skeletal effects of vitamin D supplementation.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We identified systematic reviews (SR) reporting summary data in terms of MAs of RCTs on selected non-skeletal outcomes. For each outcome, we summarized the results from available SRs and scrutinized included RCTs for a number of predefined characteristics. We identified 54 SRs including data from 210 RCTs. Most MAs as well as the individual RCTs reported null-findings on risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, weight-loss, and malignant diseases. Beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation was reported in 1 of 4 MAs on depression, 2 of 9 MAs on blood pressure, 3 of 7 MAs on respiratory tract infections, and 8 of 12 MAs on mortality. Most RCTs have primarily been performed to determine skeletal outcomes, whereas non-skeletal effects have been assessed as secondary outcomes. Only one-third of the RCTs had low level of 25OHD as a criterion for inclusion and a mean baseline 25OHD level below 50 nmol/L was only present in less than half of the analyses.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Published RCTs have mostly been performed in populations without low 25OHD levels. The fact that most MAs on results from RCTs did not show a beneficial effect does not disprove the hypothesis suggested by observational findings on adverse health outcomes of low 25OHD levels.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0180512&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Lars Rejnmark Lise Sofie Bislev Kevin D Cashman Gudny Eiríksdottir Martin Gaksch Martin Grübler Guri Grimnes Vilmundur Gudnason Paul Lips Stefan Pilz Natasja M van Schoor Mairead Kiely Rolf Jorde Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data. PLoS ONE |
| title | Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data. |
| title_full | Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data. |
| title_fullStr | Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data. |
| title_short | Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data. |
| title_sort | non skeletal health effects of vitamin d supplementation a systematic review on findings from meta analyses summarizing trial data |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0180512&type=printable |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT larsrejnmark nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT lisesofiebislev nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT kevindcashman nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT gudnyeiriksdottir nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT martingaksch nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT martingrubler nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT gurigrimnes nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT vilmundurgudnason nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT paullips nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT stefanpilz nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT natasjamvanschoor nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT maireadkiely nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata AT rolfjorde nonskeletalhealtheffectsofvitamindsupplementationasystematicreviewonfindingsfrommetaanalysessummarizingtrialdata |