Pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) plays a pivotal role in its management by reducing tumor size, enabling breast-conserving surgery, and improving survival outcomes. Achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) is strongly asso...

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Main Authors: Marcelo Antonini, André Mattar, Thais Melo Pereira, Ludmila Lemos Oliveira, Marina Diógenes Teixeira, Andressa Gonçalves Amorim, Odair Ferraro, Larissa Chrispim de Oliveira, Marcellus do Nascimento Moreira Ramos, Francisco Pimentel Cavalcante, Felipe Zerwes, Marcelo Madeira, Leonardo Ribeiro Soares, Eduardo Camargo Millen, Antonio Luiz Frasson, Fabricio Palermo Brenelli, Gil Facina, Rogerio Fenile, Renata Arakelian, Ruffo de Freitas Júnior, Marcela Bonalumi dos Santos, Henrique Lima Couto, Luiz Henrique Gebrim
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Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Heliyon
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025014501
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author Marcelo Antonini
André Mattar
Thais Melo Pereira
Ludmila Lemos Oliveira
Marina Diógenes Teixeira
Andressa Gonçalves Amorim
Odair Ferraro
Larissa Chrispim de Oliveira
Marcellus do Nascimento Moreira Ramos
Francisco Pimentel Cavalcante
Felipe Zerwes
Marcelo Madeira
Leonardo Ribeiro Soares
Eduardo Camargo Millen
Antonio Luiz Frasson
Fabricio Palermo Brenelli
Gil Facina
Rogerio Fenile
Renata Arakelian
Ruffo de Freitas Júnior
Marcela Bonalumi dos Santos
Henrique Lima Couto
Luiz Henrique Gebrim
author_facet Marcelo Antonini
André Mattar
Thais Melo Pereira
Ludmila Lemos Oliveira
Marina Diógenes Teixeira
Andressa Gonçalves Amorim
Odair Ferraro
Larissa Chrispim de Oliveira
Marcellus do Nascimento Moreira Ramos
Francisco Pimentel Cavalcante
Felipe Zerwes
Marcelo Madeira
Leonardo Ribeiro Soares
Eduardo Camargo Millen
Antonio Luiz Frasson
Fabricio Palermo Brenelli
Gil Facina
Rogerio Fenile
Renata Arakelian
Ruffo de Freitas Júnior
Marcela Bonalumi dos Santos
Henrique Lima Couto
Luiz Henrique Gebrim
author_sort Marcelo Antonini
collection DOAJ
description Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) plays a pivotal role in its management by reducing tumor size, enabling breast-conserving surgery, and improving survival outcomes. Achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) is strongly associated with better overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), particularly in aggressive subtypes such as triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancers. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the correlation between pCR, OS, and DFS in breast cancer patients treated with NAC, focusing exclusively on real-world data (RWD). A comprehensive search with PRISMA guidelines of major databases from 1999 to 2024 identified 22 retrospective studies comprising 12,115 patients. Hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. pCR was achieved in 20.9 % of patients, with higher rates in HER2-positive (44.4 %) and TNBC (31.3 %) subtypes. Achieving pCR was associated with a 30 % improvement in OS (HR: 1.30; 95 % CI: 1.28–1.33) and a 29 % improvement in DFS (HR: 1.29; 95 % CI: 1.24–1.32). Among TNBC patients, pCR correlated with a 51 % increase in DFS (HR: 1.51; 95 % CI: 1.19–1.93). Significant heterogeneity (I2 = 96 %) was observed across studies. These findings highlight the importance of pCR as a robust predictor of improved survival outcomes in breast cancer, particularly in TNBC and HER2-positive subtypes, and underscore the need for strategies to increase pCR rates to enhance long-term survival and disease control.
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spelling doaj-art-da646aacd6c641a1b6477d3bafc81ca02025-08-20T02:34:35ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-05-011110e4306910.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43069Pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world dataMarcelo Antonini0André Mattar1Thais Melo Pereira2Ludmila Lemos Oliveira3Marina Diógenes Teixeira4Andressa Gonçalves Amorim5Odair Ferraro6Larissa Chrispim de Oliveira7Marcellus do Nascimento Moreira Ramos8Francisco Pimentel Cavalcante9Felipe Zerwes10Marcelo Madeira11Leonardo Ribeiro Soares12Eduardo Camargo Millen13Antonio Luiz Frasson14Fabricio Palermo Brenelli15Gil Facina16Rogerio Fenile17Renata Arakelian18Ruffo de Freitas Júnior19Marcela Bonalumi dos Santos20Henrique Lima Couto21Luiz Henrique Gebrim22Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato de Oliveira, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Centro de Desenvolvimento de Ensino e Pesquisa do Instituo de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual (CEDEP – IAMSPE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; BBREAST - Brazilian Breast Association Team, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Corresponding author. Rua Cayowaa 1575, Ap. 72, 01258-011, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.Women's Health Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; BBREAST - Brazilian Breast Association Team, São Paulo, SP, BrazilHospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato de Oliveira, São Paulo, SP, BrazilHospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato de Oliveira, São Paulo, SP, BrazilWomen's Health Hospital, São Paulo, SP, BrazilWomen's Health Hospital, São Paulo, SP, BrazilHospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato de Oliveira, São Paulo, SP, BrazilWomen's Health Hospital, São Paulo, SP, BrazilWomen's Health Hospital, São Paulo, SP, BrazilHospital Geral de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; BBREAST - Brazilian Breast Association Team, São Paulo, SP, BrazilPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; BBREAST - Brazilian Breast Association Team, São Paulo, SP, BrazilFaculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, GO, BrazilRede D’Or, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; BBREAST - Brazilian Breast Association Team, São Paulo, SP, BrazilHospital Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; BBREAST - Brazilian Breast Association Team, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; BBREAST - Brazilian Breast Association Team, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilHospital Ipiranga, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWomen's Health Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; DASA Oncologia, São Paulo, BrazilCORA Advanced Center for Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Federal University of Goias, BrazilWomen's Health Hospital, São Paulo, SP, BrazilRedimama - Redimasto, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilHospital Beneficência Portuguesa, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBreast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) plays a pivotal role in its management by reducing tumor size, enabling breast-conserving surgery, and improving survival outcomes. Achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) is strongly associated with better overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), particularly in aggressive subtypes such as triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancers. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the correlation between pCR, OS, and DFS in breast cancer patients treated with NAC, focusing exclusively on real-world data (RWD). A comprehensive search with PRISMA guidelines of major databases from 1999 to 2024 identified 22 retrospective studies comprising 12,115 patients. Hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. pCR was achieved in 20.9 % of patients, with higher rates in HER2-positive (44.4 %) and TNBC (31.3 %) subtypes. Achieving pCR was associated with a 30 % improvement in OS (HR: 1.30; 95 % CI: 1.28–1.33) and a 29 % improvement in DFS (HR: 1.29; 95 % CI: 1.24–1.32). Among TNBC patients, pCR correlated with a 51 % increase in DFS (HR: 1.51; 95 % CI: 1.19–1.93). Significant heterogeneity (I2 = 96 %) was observed across studies. These findings highlight the importance of pCR as a robust predictor of improved survival outcomes in breast cancer, particularly in TNBC and HER2-positive subtypes, and underscore the need for strategies to increase pCR rates to enhance long-term survival and disease control.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025014501Neoadjuvant chemotherapyPathologic complete responseBreast cancerSurvivalDisease-free survivalHER2-Positive
spellingShingle Marcelo Antonini
André Mattar
Thais Melo Pereira
Ludmila Lemos Oliveira
Marina Diógenes Teixeira
Andressa Gonçalves Amorim
Odair Ferraro
Larissa Chrispim de Oliveira
Marcellus do Nascimento Moreira Ramos
Francisco Pimentel Cavalcante
Felipe Zerwes
Marcelo Madeira
Leonardo Ribeiro Soares
Eduardo Camargo Millen
Antonio Luiz Frasson
Fabricio Palermo Brenelli
Gil Facina
Rogerio Fenile
Renata Arakelian
Ruffo de Freitas Júnior
Marcela Bonalumi dos Santos
Henrique Lima Couto
Luiz Henrique Gebrim
Pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data
Heliyon
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Pathologic complete response
Breast cancer
Survival
Disease-free survival
HER2-Positive
title Pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data
title_full Pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data
title_fullStr Pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data
title_full_unstemmed Pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data
title_short Pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data
title_sort pathologic complete response and breast cancer survival post neoadjuvant chemotherapy a systematic review and meta analysis of real world data
topic Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Pathologic complete response
Breast cancer
Survival
Disease-free survival
HER2-Positive
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025014501
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