Direct and indirect burden of COVID-19 on mortality in Spain (2020 to 2022)

Abstract Background Life expectancy in high-income countries remained lower in 2022 compared to pre-pandemic levels in 2019. This study explores the deficit of life expectancy and excess of years of life lost (YLL) in Spain from 2020 to 2022, assessing both direct effects of infectious diseases and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Javier Llorca, Inés Gómez-Acebo, Jéssica Alonso-Molero, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Public Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23077-5
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