Cadmium decreases human gingival fibroblast viability and induces pro-inflammatory response associated with Akt and MAPK pathway activation

Cadmium decreases human gingival fibroblast viability and induces pro-inflammatory response associated with Akt and MAPK pathway activation

Smoking and particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) expose millions to cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal linked to pro-inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and disease pathogenesis. In the oral cavity, chronic Cd exposure contributes to the progression of periodontal diseases and oral cancers. However,...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tipparat Parakaw, Sirada Srihirun, Nathawut Sibmooh, Nisarat Ruangsawasdi, Phisit Khemawoot, Pornpun Vivithanaporn
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Toxicology
Subjects:
cadmium
fibroblasts
cyclooxygenase
interleukin-6
interleukin-8
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ftox.2025.1583865/full
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https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ftox.2025.1583865/full

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