Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
Since the physicochemical properties of honey in each region vary with available plants and their flowers, it is important to know the percentage of ingredients for a given product. In this study, the properties of 60 honeys from the cities of East Azerbaijan province, Iran (4 samples from each city...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Food Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225002410 |
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| author | Maghsoud Besharati Masoumeh Niazi Far Deniz Azhir Valiollah Palangi Maximilian Lackner |
| author_facet | Maghsoud Besharati Masoumeh Niazi Far Deniz Azhir Valiollah Palangi Maximilian Lackner |
| author_sort | Maghsoud Besharati |
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| description | Since the physicochemical properties of honey in each region vary with available plants and their flowers, it is important to know the percentage of ingredients for a given product. In this study, the properties of 60 honeys from the cities of East Azerbaijan province, Iran (4 samples from each city) were evaluated. Samples, by determination of water content, insoluble solids, ash, sucrose sugar, total sugar, reducing sugars, electrical conductivity, acidity, pH, diastase activity, invertase activity, and hydroxymethyl furfural content were compared with the properties defined in the International Codex Alimentarius. The average of the total values of the measured traits of honey except electrical conductivity in East Azerbaijan province corresponds to the recommended values of the food codex code and the Iranian honey standard. The mean acidity and pH of honey of East Azerbaijan province were 17.6 mEq/kg and 3.35, respectively. Comparing the mean invertase activity, the highest value was related to Tabriz, and the lowest value was related to Julfa, which were 21.0 and 2, respectively (P < 0.05). The lowest average for sucrose belonged to the honey of the city of Tasuj. The average of the province for electrical conductivity gave 0.133 mS/cm. According to the results, the use of simple, fast, cheap, and reliable experiments to investigate the fraud of honey on honey provided in connection with the prevention of adulteration (traditional and factory packaging) and prosecution of violators is widely suggested by related centers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d693d90adcce4edcaf9bf1ab5b975bbb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2772-5022 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Applied Food Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-d693d90adcce4edcaf9bf1ab5b975bbb2025-08-20T03:31:20ZengElsevierApplied Food Research2772-50222025-06-015110093310.1016/j.afres.2025.100933Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, IranMaghsoud Besharati0Masoumeh Niazi Far1Deniz Azhir2Valiollah Palangi3Maximilian Lackner4Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Corresponding authors.Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranVisiting Researcher at Department of Life Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, AzerbaijanDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Hoechstaedtplatz 6, 1200, Vienna, Austria; Corresponding authors.Since the physicochemical properties of honey in each region vary with available plants and their flowers, it is important to know the percentage of ingredients for a given product. In this study, the properties of 60 honeys from the cities of East Azerbaijan province, Iran (4 samples from each city) were evaluated. Samples, by determination of water content, insoluble solids, ash, sucrose sugar, total sugar, reducing sugars, electrical conductivity, acidity, pH, diastase activity, invertase activity, and hydroxymethyl furfural content were compared with the properties defined in the International Codex Alimentarius. The average of the total values of the measured traits of honey except electrical conductivity in East Azerbaijan province corresponds to the recommended values of the food codex code and the Iranian honey standard. The mean acidity and pH of honey of East Azerbaijan province were 17.6 mEq/kg and 3.35, respectively. Comparing the mean invertase activity, the highest value was related to Tabriz, and the lowest value was related to Julfa, which were 21.0 and 2, respectively (P < 0.05). The lowest average for sucrose belonged to the honey of the city of Tasuj. The average of the province for electrical conductivity gave 0.133 mS/cm. According to the results, the use of simple, fast, cheap, and reliable experiments to investigate the fraud of honey on honey provided in connection with the prevention of adulteration (traditional and factory packaging) and prosecution of violators is widely suggested by related centers.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225002410Invertase activityElectrical conductivityHydroxymethyl furfuralInsoluble solidsHoney |
| spellingShingle | Maghsoud Besharati Masoumeh Niazi Far Deniz Azhir Valiollah Palangi Maximilian Lackner Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran Applied Food Research Invertase activity Electrical conductivity Hydroxymethyl furfural Insoluble solids Honey |
| title | Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran |
| title_full | Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran |
| title_short | Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran |
| title_sort | evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in east azerbaijan province iran |
| topic | Invertase activity Electrical conductivity Hydroxymethyl furfural Insoluble solids Honey |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225002410 |
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