Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran

Since the physicochemical properties of honey in each region vary with available plants and their flowers, it is important to know the percentage of ingredients for a given product. In this study, the properties of 60 honeys from the cities of East Azerbaijan province, Iran (4 samples from each city...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maghsoud Besharati, Masoumeh Niazi Far, Deniz Azhir, Valiollah Palangi, Maximilian Lackner
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Food Research
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225002410
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849421910413148160
author Maghsoud Besharati
Masoumeh Niazi Far
Deniz Azhir
Valiollah Palangi
Maximilian Lackner
author_facet Maghsoud Besharati
Masoumeh Niazi Far
Deniz Azhir
Valiollah Palangi
Maximilian Lackner
author_sort Maghsoud Besharati
collection DOAJ
description Since the physicochemical properties of honey in each region vary with available plants and their flowers, it is important to know the percentage of ingredients for a given product. In this study, the properties of 60 honeys from the cities of East Azerbaijan province, Iran (4 samples from each city) were evaluated. Samples, by determination of water content, insoluble solids, ash, sucrose sugar, total sugar, reducing sugars, electrical conductivity, acidity, pH, diastase activity, invertase activity, and hydroxymethyl furfural content were compared with the properties defined in the International Codex Alimentarius. The average of the total values ​​of the measured traits of honey except electrical conductivity in East Azerbaijan province corresponds to the recommended values ​​of the food codex code and the Iranian honey standard. The mean acidity and pH of honey of East Azerbaijan province were 17.6 mEq/kg and 3.35, respectively. Comparing the mean invertase activity, the highest value was related to Tabriz, and the lowest value was related to Julfa, which were 21.0 and 2, respectively (P < 0.05). The lowest average for sucrose belonged to the honey of the city of Tasuj. The average of the province for electrical conductivity gave 0.133 mS/cm. According to the results, the use of simple, fast, cheap, and reliable experiments to investigate the fraud of honey on honey provided in connection with the prevention of adulteration (traditional and factory packaging) and prosecution of violators is widely suggested by related centers.
format Article
id doaj-art-d693d90adcce4edcaf9bf1ab5b975bbb
institution Kabale University
issn 2772-5022
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Applied Food Research
spelling doaj-art-d693d90adcce4edcaf9bf1ab5b975bbb2025-08-20T03:31:20ZengElsevierApplied Food Research2772-50222025-06-015110093310.1016/j.afres.2025.100933Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, IranMaghsoud Besharati0Masoumeh Niazi Far1Deniz Azhir2Valiollah Palangi3Maximilian Lackner4Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Corresponding authors.Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranVisiting Researcher at Department of Life Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, AzerbaijanDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Hoechstaedtplatz 6, 1200, Vienna, Austria; Corresponding authors.Since the physicochemical properties of honey in each region vary with available plants and their flowers, it is important to know the percentage of ingredients for a given product. In this study, the properties of 60 honeys from the cities of East Azerbaijan province, Iran (4 samples from each city) were evaluated. Samples, by determination of water content, insoluble solids, ash, sucrose sugar, total sugar, reducing sugars, electrical conductivity, acidity, pH, diastase activity, invertase activity, and hydroxymethyl furfural content were compared with the properties defined in the International Codex Alimentarius. The average of the total values ​​of the measured traits of honey except electrical conductivity in East Azerbaijan province corresponds to the recommended values ​​of the food codex code and the Iranian honey standard. The mean acidity and pH of honey of East Azerbaijan province were 17.6 mEq/kg and 3.35, respectively. Comparing the mean invertase activity, the highest value was related to Tabriz, and the lowest value was related to Julfa, which were 21.0 and 2, respectively (P < 0.05). The lowest average for sucrose belonged to the honey of the city of Tasuj. The average of the province for electrical conductivity gave 0.133 mS/cm. According to the results, the use of simple, fast, cheap, and reliable experiments to investigate the fraud of honey on honey provided in connection with the prevention of adulteration (traditional and factory packaging) and prosecution of violators is widely suggested by related centers.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225002410Invertase activityElectrical conductivityHydroxymethyl furfuralInsoluble solidsHoney
spellingShingle Maghsoud Besharati
Masoumeh Niazi Far
Deniz Azhir
Valiollah Palangi
Maximilian Lackner
Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
Applied Food Research
Invertase activity
Electrical conductivity
Hydroxymethyl furfural
Insoluble solids
Honey
title Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
title_full Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
title_fullStr Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
title_short Evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
title_sort evaluation of physicochemical properties of honey produced in east azerbaijan province iran
topic Invertase activity
Electrical conductivity
Hydroxymethyl furfural
Insoluble solids
Honey
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225002410
work_keys_str_mv AT maghsoudbesharati evaluationofphysicochemicalpropertiesofhoneyproducedineastazerbaijanprovinceiran
AT masoumehniazifar evaluationofphysicochemicalpropertiesofhoneyproducedineastazerbaijanprovinceiran
AT denizazhir evaluationofphysicochemicalpropertiesofhoneyproducedineastazerbaijanprovinceiran
AT valiollahpalangi evaluationofphysicochemicalpropertiesofhoneyproducedineastazerbaijanprovinceiran
AT maximilianlackner evaluationofphysicochemicalpropertiesofhoneyproducedineastazerbaijanprovinceiran