Impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on clinical and cognitive outcomes, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in treatment-resistant depression

IntroductionTreatment-resistant depression (TRD) affects approximately 30% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), for whom effective treatment options are limited. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms in TRD. However, it...

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Main Authors: Enrico Ginelli, Lucia Sanna, Pasquale Paribello, Ulker Isayeva, Giorgio Corona, Clement C. Zai, Daniela Manca, Maria Novella Iaselli, Roberto Collu, Federica Pinna, Maria Scherma, Mirko Manchia, Paola Fadda, Bernardo Carpiniello
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychiatry
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1584673/full
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