The malignant dialogue between cancer-associated fibroblasts and osteosarcoma cells: microenvironment-mediated drug resistance and therapeutic targets
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are pivotal in shaping the immunosuppressive and chemoresistant tumor microenvironment (TME) of osteosarcoma (OS). This review explores how CAFs drive OS progression through paracrine signaling (e.g., TGF-β, IL-6), extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, exosome-m...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1621521/full |
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