Microalgal biorefineries: a systematic review of technological trade-offs and innovation pathways

Microalgal biorefineries: a systematic review of technological trade-offs and innovation pathways

Abstract This review critically examines the entire value chain of microalgal biorefineries, with the central aim of elucidating the key technological, economic, and environmental enablers and barriers that govern their transition from pilot-scale demonstrations to commercially viable, circular-econ...

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Main Authors: Yucong Geng, Alishba Shaukat, Wania Azhar, Qurat-Ul-Ain Raza, Ayesha Tahir, Muhammad Zain ul Abideen, Muhammad Abu Bakar Zia, Muhammad Amjad Bashir, Abdur Rehim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts
Subjects:
Algal biorefineries
Life-cycle analysis
Microalgae biofuel
Photobioreactor
Techno-economic
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-025-02694-7
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-025-02694-7

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