Isolation and Characterization of a Cold-Adapted Bacteriophage for Biocontrol of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> in Seafood

Isolation and Characterization of a Cold-Adapted Bacteriophage for Biocontrol of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> in Seafood

<i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> (<i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>) is a preeminent seafood-borne pathogen, imposing significant economic burdens on global aquaculture. The escalating prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains has accentuated the critical urgency for developing sustai...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhixiang Nie, Xiangyu Cheng, Shengshi Jiang, Zhibin Zhang, Diwei Zhang, Hanfang Chen, Na Ling, Yingwang Ye
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
<i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>
bacteriophage
aquaculture
biocontrol
seafood
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/15/2660
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Summary:<i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> (<i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>) is a preeminent seafood-borne pathogen, imposing significant economic burdens on global aquaculture. The escalating prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains has accentuated the critical urgency for developing sustainable biocontrol strategies. In this study, a bacteriophage designated vB_VPAP_XY75 (XY75) was isolated and biologically characterized to establish an effective control against <i>V</i>. <i>parahaemolyticus</i>. XY75 exhibited remarkable specificity toward <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>, effectively lysing 46.2% of the target strains while showing no lytic activity against non-target bacterial species. Morphological characterization confirmed its taxonomic assignment to the <i>Myoviridae</i> family, featuring an icosahedral head (40 ± 2 nm) and contractile tail (60 ± 2 nm). XY75 demonstrated strong environmental tolerance, remaining stable at pH 4–11 and temperatures as high as 50 °C. At an optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI = 0.01), XY75 achieved a peak titer of 8.1 × 10<sup>10</sup> PFU/mL, a 5 min latent period, and burst size of 118 PFU/cell. Critically, XY75 reduced <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> in salmon by more than 5.98 log CFU/g (99.9%) within 6 h at 4 °C, demonstrating exceptional cold tolerance and lytic activity. Genomic analysis confirmed that no virulence or antibiotic resistance genes were present. These results establish XY75 as a safe and efficacious biocontrol candidate for seafood preservation, with particular utility under refrigerated storage conditions.
ISSN:2304-8158

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