Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Coordinated Voltage and Power Control for Flexible Distribution Networks
Multi-port soft open points (SOPs) are effective devices for alleviating issues such as voltage violation and transformer overloading in distribution networks caused by the high penetration of distributed energy resources. This paper proposes a coordinated voltage and power control method for flexib...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/361 |
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| author | Zhipeng Jing Lipo Gao Chengao Wu Dong Liang |
| author_facet | Zhipeng Jing Lipo Gao Chengao Wu Dong Liang |
| author_sort | Zhipeng Jing |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multi-port soft open points (SOPs) are effective devices for alleviating issues such as voltage violation and transformer overloading in distribution networks caused by the high penetration of distributed energy resources. This paper proposes a coordinated voltage and power control method for flexible distribution networks based on a linear quadratic regulator (LQR). First, the principle of coordinated voltage and power control is analyzed based on SOPs’ control strategies and a linear power flow model. Then, a discrete-time state-space model is constructed for flexible distribution networks with multi-port SOPs, using the voltage magnitude deviations at the AC side of all PQ-controlled voltage source converters (VSCs) and the loading rate deviations of the transformers corresponding to all PQ-controlled VSCs as state variables. An LQR-based optimal control model is then established, aiming to simultaneously minimize deviations of voltage magnitudes and transformer loading rates from their reference values, which correspond to the V<sub>dc</sub>-controlled VSC. The optimal state feedback law is obtained by solving the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation. The proposed method has been evaluated on two typical flexible distribution networks, and the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method in improving voltage profiles and alleviating transformer overloading conditions using local measurements and very limited communication. In specific situations, the imbalance of voltages and transformer loading rates among the interconnected feeders can be reduced by 40%. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c594b44863254808b4f35bb4e94f7481 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-c594b44863254808b4f35bb4e94f74812025-01-24T13:31:12ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-01-0118236110.3390/en18020361Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Coordinated Voltage and Power Control for Flexible Distribution NetworksZhipeng Jing0Lipo Gao1Chengao Wu2Dong Liang3Economic and Technological Research Institute, State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaEconomic and Technological Research Institute, State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, ChinaMulti-port soft open points (SOPs) are effective devices for alleviating issues such as voltage violation and transformer overloading in distribution networks caused by the high penetration of distributed energy resources. This paper proposes a coordinated voltage and power control method for flexible distribution networks based on a linear quadratic regulator (LQR). First, the principle of coordinated voltage and power control is analyzed based on SOPs’ control strategies and a linear power flow model. Then, a discrete-time state-space model is constructed for flexible distribution networks with multi-port SOPs, using the voltage magnitude deviations at the AC side of all PQ-controlled voltage source converters (VSCs) and the loading rate deviations of the transformers corresponding to all PQ-controlled VSCs as state variables. An LQR-based optimal control model is then established, aiming to simultaneously minimize deviations of voltage magnitudes and transformer loading rates from their reference values, which correspond to the V<sub>dc</sub>-controlled VSC. The optimal state feedback law is obtained by solving the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation. The proposed method has been evaluated on two typical flexible distribution networks, and the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method in improving voltage profiles and alleviating transformer overloading conditions using local measurements and very limited communication. In specific situations, the imbalance of voltages and transformer loading rates among the interconnected feeders can be reduced by 40%.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/361multi-port soft open pointflexible interconnected distribution networkcoordinated voltage and power controllinear quadratic regulator |
| spellingShingle | Zhipeng Jing Lipo Gao Chengao Wu Dong Liang Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Coordinated Voltage and Power Control for Flexible Distribution Networks Energies multi-port soft open point flexible interconnected distribution network coordinated voltage and power control linear quadratic regulator |
| title | Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Coordinated Voltage and Power Control for Flexible Distribution Networks |
| title_full | Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Coordinated Voltage and Power Control for Flexible Distribution Networks |
| title_fullStr | Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Coordinated Voltage and Power Control for Flexible Distribution Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Coordinated Voltage and Power Control for Flexible Distribution Networks |
| title_short | Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Coordinated Voltage and Power Control for Flexible Distribution Networks |
| title_sort | linear quadratic regulator based coordinated voltage and power control for flexible distribution networks |
| topic | multi-port soft open point flexible interconnected distribution network coordinated voltage and power control linear quadratic regulator |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/361 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhipengjing linearquadraticregulatorbasedcoordinatedvoltageandpowercontrolforflexibledistributionnetworks AT lipogao linearquadraticregulatorbasedcoordinatedvoltageandpowercontrolforflexibledistributionnetworks AT chengaowu linearquadraticregulatorbasedcoordinatedvoltageandpowercontrolforflexibledistributionnetworks AT dongliang linearquadraticregulatorbasedcoordinatedvoltageandpowercontrolforflexibledistributionnetworks |