Patterns, variability, and predictors of p-phenylenediamine quinones and parent p-phenylenediamines in pregnant women across three trimesters

Patterns, variability, and predictors of p-phenylenediamine quinones and parent p-phenylenediamines in pregnant women across three trimesters

p-Phenylenediamine quinones (PPD-Qs), oxidative derivatives of rubber antioxidant p-phenylenediamines (PPDs), have garnered increasing concern due to their environmental ubiquity and toxicity. However, evidence regarding the exposure assessment of these emerging contaminants in humans, especially pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jing Zhang, Hongxiu Liu, Hongzhi Zhao, Qingyuan Dai, Wei Wang, Fuyue Wang, Guodong Cao, Yanqiu Zhou, Shunqing Xu, Zongwei Cai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Environment International
Subjects:
P-phenylenediamine
P-phenylenediamine quinones
Pregnant women
Human exposure
Emerging contaminants
Three trimesters
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025004805
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