Systematic comparison and base-editing-mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin-inducible degron technology

Abstract Biological mechanisms are inherently dynamic, requiring precise and rapid manipulations for effective characterization. Traditional genetic manipulations operate on long timescales, making them unsuitable for studying dynamic processes or characterizing essential genes, where chronic deplet...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: De Xing, Tao Bai, Ozlem Neyisci, Seyedeh Zahra Paylakhi, Alexander J. Duval, Yasemin Tekin, Mazhar Adli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61848-1
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849343725775355904
author De Xing
Tao Bai
Ozlem Neyisci
Seyedeh Zahra Paylakhi
Alexander J. Duval
Yasemin Tekin
Mazhar Adli
author_facet De Xing
Tao Bai
Ozlem Neyisci
Seyedeh Zahra Paylakhi
Alexander J. Duval
Yasemin Tekin
Mazhar Adli
author_sort De Xing
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Biological mechanisms are inherently dynamic, requiring precise and rapid manipulations for effective characterization. Traditional genetic manipulations operate on long timescales, making them unsuitable for studying dynamic processes or characterizing essential genes, where chronic depletion can cause cell death. We compare five inducible protein degradation systems—dTAG, HaloPROTAC, IKZF3, and two auxin-inducible degrons (AID) using OsTIR1 and AtFB2—evaluating degradation efficiency, basal degradation, target recovery after ligand washout, and ligand impact. This analysis identifies OsTIR1-based AID 2.0 as the most robust system. However, AID 2.0’s higher degradation efficiency comes with target-specific basal degradation and slower recovery rates. To address these limitations, we employ base-editing-mediated mutagenesis followed by several rounds of functional selection and screening. This directed protein evolution generates several gain-of-function OsTIR1 variants, including S210A, that significantly enhance the overall degron efficiency. The resulting degron system, named AID 2.1, maintains effective target protein depletion with minimal basal degradation and faster recovery after ligand washout, enabling characterization and rescue experiments for essential genes. Our comparative assessment and directed evolution approach provide a reference dataset and improved degron technology for studying gene functions in dynamic biological contexts.
format Article
id doaj-art-bc26b0f55a314ffbb107c0859976a591
institution Kabale University
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-bc26b0f55a314ffbb107c0859976a5912025-08-20T03:42:52ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116111210.1038/s41467-025-61848-1Systematic comparison and base-editing-mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin-inducible degron technologyDe Xing0Tao Bai1Ozlem Neyisci2Seyedeh Zahra Paylakhi3Alexander J. Duval4Yasemin Tekin5Mazhar Adli6Robert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityRobert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityRobert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityRobert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityRobert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityRobert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityRobert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityAbstract Biological mechanisms are inherently dynamic, requiring precise and rapid manipulations for effective characterization. Traditional genetic manipulations operate on long timescales, making them unsuitable for studying dynamic processes or characterizing essential genes, where chronic depletion can cause cell death. We compare five inducible protein degradation systems—dTAG, HaloPROTAC, IKZF3, and two auxin-inducible degrons (AID) using OsTIR1 and AtFB2—evaluating degradation efficiency, basal degradation, target recovery after ligand washout, and ligand impact. This analysis identifies OsTIR1-based AID 2.0 as the most robust system. However, AID 2.0’s higher degradation efficiency comes with target-specific basal degradation and slower recovery rates. To address these limitations, we employ base-editing-mediated mutagenesis followed by several rounds of functional selection and screening. This directed protein evolution generates several gain-of-function OsTIR1 variants, including S210A, that significantly enhance the overall degron efficiency. The resulting degron system, named AID 2.1, maintains effective target protein depletion with minimal basal degradation and faster recovery after ligand washout, enabling characterization and rescue experiments for essential genes. Our comparative assessment and directed evolution approach provide a reference dataset and improved degron technology for studying gene functions in dynamic biological contexts.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61848-1
spellingShingle De Xing
Tao Bai
Ozlem Neyisci
Seyedeh Zahra Paylakhi
Alexander J. Duval
Yasemin Tekin
Mazhar Adli
Systematic comparison and base-editing-mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin-inducible degron technology
Nature Communications
title Systematic comparison and base-editing-mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin-inducible degron technology
title_full Systematic comparison and base-editing-mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin-inducible degron technology
title_fullStr Systematic comparison and base-editing-mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin-inducible degron technology
title_full_unstemmed Systematic comparison and base-editing-mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin-inducible degron technology
title_short Systematic comparison and base-editing-mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin-inducible degron technology
title_sort systematic comparison and base editing mediated directed protein evolution and functional screening yield superior auxin inducible degron technology
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61848-1
work_keys_str_mv AT dexing systematiccomparisonandbaseeditingmediateddirectedproteinevolutionandfunctionalscreeningyieldsuperiorauxininducibledegrontechnology
AT taobai systematiccomparisonandbaseeditingmediateddirectedproteinevolutionandfunctionalscreeningyieldsuperiorauxininducibledegrontechnology
AT ozlemneyisci systematiccomparisonandbaseeditingmediateddirectedproteinevolutionandfunctionalscreeningyieldsuperiorauxininducibledegrontechnology
AT seyedehzahrapaylakhi systematiccomparisonandbaseeditingmediateddirectedproteinevolutionandfunctionalscreeningyieldsuperiorauxininducibledegrontechnology
AT alexanderjduval systematiccomparisonandbaseeditingmediateddirectedproteinevolutionandfunctionalscreeningyieldsuperiorauxininducibledegrontechnology
AT yasemintekin systematiccomparisonandbaseeditingmediateddirectedproteinevolutionandfunctionalscreeningyieldsuperiorauxininducibledegrontechnology
AT mazharadli systematiccomparisonandbaseeditingmediateddirectedproteinevolutionandfunctionalscreeningyieldsuperiorauxininducibledegrontechnology