Impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first-year college students

BackgroundSignificant attention has been given to the mental health of college students, especially first-year college students, with childhood socioeconomic status (SES) identified as a key factor. This study investigated the correlation of impulsivity and social support in the relationship between...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yiting Kong, Zhewei Su, Rui Wang, Jianyu Tan, Pan Ran, Xiaoming Xu, Wo Wang, Su Hong, Qi Zhang, Li Kuang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychiatry
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1569001/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850182878999085056
author Yiting Kong
Yiting Kong
Zhewei Su
Zhewei Su
Rui Wang
Rui Wang
Jianyu Tan
Jianyu Tan
Pan Ran
Pan Ran
Xiaoming Xu
Xiaoming Xu
Wo Wang
Wo Wang
Su Hong
Su Hong
Qi Zhang
Qi Zhang
Li Kuang
Li Kuang
author_facet Yiting Kong
Yiting Kong
Zhewei Su
Zhewei Su
Rui Wang
Rui Wang
Jianyu Tan
Jianyu Tan
Pan Ran
Pan Ran
Xiaoming Xu
Xiaoming Xu
Wo Wang
Wo Wang
Su Hong
Su Hong
Qi Zhang
Qi Zhang
Li Kuang
Li Kuang
author_sort Yiting Kong
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundSignificant attention has been given to the mental health of college students, especially first-year college students, with childhood socioeconomic status (SES) identified as a key factor. This study investigated the correlation of impulsivity and social support in the relationship between childhood SES and current mental health, with a focus on depressive and anxiety symptoms, in first-year college students.MethodsA cross-sectional study was designed, surveying 6,378 first-year students (mean age = 20.98) at a university in Chongqing, China. The survey participants were 63.4% female and 36.6% male. The participants completed an online questionnaire which included Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Brief Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and a 7-point scale to measure childhood SES. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were conducted for these variables, and the data examined further using a moderated conditional effect model with PROCESS macro (Model 8).ResultsThe analysis revealed that lower childhood SES showed small to moderate negative correlations with impulsivity (r = -0.224, p < 0.01, small effect) and heightened symptoms of depression (β = -0.235, p < 0.01) and anxiety (β = -0.197, p < 0.01). Impulsivity shared variance with the link between childhood SES and both depressive (β = 0.386, SE = 0.011, p < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (β = 0.315, SE = 0.012, p < 0.001). Higher levels of social support were linked to attenuated associations between low childhood SES and both impulsivity (β = -0.064, SE = 0.011, p < 0.01) and depressive symptoms (β = -0.029, SE = 0.010, p < 0.01). However, social support was not significantly associated with the link between childhood SES and anxiety symptoms.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that impulsivity serves as a partial intervening variable in the relationship between childhood SES and the mental health of first-year college students. However, higher levels of social support were linked to weaker negative associations between impulsivity and both childhood SES and mental health. Interventions that focus on managing impulsivity and increasing social support for first-year college students from low socioeconomic backgrounds could be effective strategies for improving their mental health.
format Article
id doaj-art-bab8aabc635b4d508a26d1669615e174
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-0640
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Psychiatry
spelling doaj-art-bab8aabc635b4d508a26d1669615e1742025-08-20T02:17:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-04-011610.3389/fpsyt.2025.15690011569001Impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first-year college studentsYiting Kong0Yiting Kong1Zhewei Su2Zhewei Su3Rui Wang4Rui Wang5Jianyu Tan6Jianyu Tan7Pan Ran8Pan Ran9Xiaoming Xu10Xiaoming Xu11Wo Wang12Wo Wang13Su Hong14Su Hong15Qi Zhang16Qi Zhang17Li Kuang18Li Kuang19Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaMental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaPsychiatric Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaMental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaBackgroundSignificant attention has been given to the mental health of college students, especially first-year college students, with childhood socioeconomic status (SES) identified as a key factor. This study investigated the correlation of impulsivity and social support in the relationship between childhood SES and current mental health, with a focus on depressive and anxiety symptoms, in first-year college students.MethodsA cross-sectional study was designed, surveying 6,378 first-year students (mean age = 20.98) at a university in Chongqing, China. The survey participants were 63.4% female and 36.6% male. The participants completed an online questionnaire which included Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Brief Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and a 7-point scale to measure childhood SES. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were conducted for these variables, and the data examined further using a moderated conditional effect model with PROCESS macro (Model 8).ResultsThe analysis revealed that lower childhood SES showed small to moderate negative correlations with impulsivity (r = -0.224, p < 0.01, small effect) and heightened symptoms of depression (β = -0.235, p < 0.01) and anxiety (β = -0.197, p < 0.01). Impulsivity shared variance with the link between childhood SES and both depressive (β = 0.386, SE = 0.011, p < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (β = 0.315, SE = 0.012, p < 0.001). Higher levels of social support were linked to attenuated associations between low childhood SES and both impulsivity (β = -0.064, SE = 0.011, p < 0.01) and depressive symptoms (β = -0.029, SE = 0.010, p < 0.01). However, social support was not significantly associated with the link between childhood SES and anxiety symptoms.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that impulsivity serves as a partial intervening variable in the relationship between childhood SES and the mental health of first-year college students. However, higher levels of social support were linked to weaker negative associations between impulsivity and both childhood SES and mental health. Interventions that focus on managing impulsivity and increasing social support for first-year college students from low socioeconomic backgrounds could be effective strategies for improving their mental health.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1569001/fullchildhood socioeconomic statusmental healthimpulsivitysocial supportfirst-year college students
spellingShingle Yiting Kong
Yiting Kong
Zhewei Su
Zhewei Su
Rui Wang
Rui Wang
Jianyu Tan
Jianyu Tan
Pan Ran
Pan Ran
Xiaoming Xu
Xiaoming Xu
Wo Wang
Wo Wang
Su Hong
Su Hong
Qi Zhang
Qi Zhang
Li Kuang
Li Kuang
Impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first-year college students
Frontiers in Psychiatry
childhood socioeconomic status
mental health
impulsivity
social support
first-year college students
title Impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first-year college students
title_full Impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first-year college students
title_fullStr Impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first-year college students
title_full_unstemmed Impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first-year college students
title_short Impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first-year college students
title_sort impulsivity and social support as intervening and interactive variables in the link between childhood socioeconomic status and mental health among first year college students
topic childhood socioeconomic status
mental health
impulsivity
social support
first-year college students
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1569001/full
work_keys_str_mv AT yitingkong impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT yitingkong impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT zheweisu impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT zheweisu impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT ruiwang impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT ruiwang impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT jianyutan impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT jianyutan impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT panran impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT panran impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT xiaomingxu impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT xiaomingxu impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT wowang impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT wowang impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT suhong impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT suhong impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT qizhang impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT qizhang impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT likuang impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents
AT likuang impulsivityandsocialsupportasinterveningandinteractivevariablesinthelinkbetweenchildhoodsocioeconomicstatusandmentalhealthamongfirstyearcollegestudents