Non-unit protection method for boundary-component-free MTDC systems using normalized backward traveling waves
The performance of existing protection methods for multi-terminal direct current systems depends on the availability and sizes of boundary components. To overcome the limitation, this paper proposes a non-unit DC line protection method based on the normalized backward traveling waves (BTWs) of the 1...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061524005933 |
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| author | Fan Xie Le Liu Zhiguo Hao Ting Wang Songhao Yang Aleksandra Lekić Marjan Popov |
| author_facet | Fan Xie Le Liu Zhiguo Hao Ting Wang Songhao Yang Aleksandra Lekić Marjan Popov |
| author_sort | Fan Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The performance of existing protection methods for multi-terminal direct current systems depends on the availability and sizes of boundary components. To overcome the limitation, this paper proposes a non-unit DC line protection method based on the normalized backward traveling waves (BTWs) of the 1-mode voltage. Firstly, traveling wave propagation characteristics are analyzed, and a rationalization approach based on vector fitting is proposed. Next, the analytical expressions of normalized BTWs are derived, with the negative correlation between them and fault distance proved. Then, the derivative-free conjugate gradient algorithm is utilized for amplitude fitting and normalization calculation. Finally, a non-unit protection method using the normalized BTWs is developed. The performance is validated for both electromagnetic transient PSCAD/EMTDC and real-time digital RSCAD/RTDS simulation. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately identify faults with various fault resistances and locations without requiring boundary components and high sampling frequencies, and it is robust against noise disturbances. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ba2575889b834f398546972f8f8251d9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0142-0615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-ba2575889b834f398546972f8f8251d92025-01-19T06:23:51ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems0142-06152025-03-01164110370Non-unit protection method for boundary-component-free MTDC systems using normalized backward traveling wavesFan Xie0Le Liu1Zhiguo Hao2Ting Wang3Songhao Yang4Aleksandra Lekić5Marjan Popov6School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China; Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands; Electric Power Research Institute, China Southern Power Grid, Guangzhou, 510663, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China; Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628 CD, The NetherlandsSchool of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China; Corresponding author.School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, ChinaFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628 CD, The NetherlandsFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628 CD, The NetherlandsThe performance of existing protection methods for multi-terminal direct current systems depends on the availability and sizes of boundary components. To overcome the limitation, this paper proposes a non-unit DC line protection method based on the normalized backward traveling waves (BTWs) of the 1-mode voltage. Firstly, traveling wave propagation characteristics are analyzed, and a rationalization approach based on vector fitting is proposed. Next, the analytical expressions of normalized BTWs are derived, with the negative correlation between them and fault distance proved. Then, the derivative-free conjugate gradient algorithm is utilized for amplitude fitting and normalization calculation. Finally, a non-unit protection method using the normalized BTWs is developed. The performance is validated for both electromagnetic transient PSCAD/EMTDC and real-time digital RSCAD/RTDS simulation. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately identify faults with various fault resistances and locations without requiring boundary components and high sampling frequencies, and it is robust against noise disturbances.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061524005933Multi-terminal DC systemTraveling waveNon-unit protectionVector fitting algorithmDerivative-free conjugate gradient algorithm |
| spellingShingle | Fan Xie Le Liu Zhiguo Hao Ting Wang Songhao Yang Aleksandra Lekić Marjan Popov Non-unit protection method for boundary-component-free MTDC systems using normalized backward traveling waves International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems Multi-terminal DC system Traveling wave Non-unit protection Vector fitting algorithm Derivative-free conjugate gradient algorithm |
| title | Non-unit protection method for boundary-component-free MTDC systems using normalized backward traveling waves |
| title_full | Non-unit protection method for boundary-component-free MTDC systems using normalized backward traveling waves |
| title_fullStr | Non-unit protection method for boundary-component-free MTDC systems using normalized backward traveling waves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-unit protection method for boundary-component-free MTDC systems using normalized backward traveling waves |
| title_short | Non-unit protection method for boundary-component-free MTDC systems using normalized backward traveling waves |
| title_sort | non unit protection method for boundary component free mtdc systems using normalized backward traveling waves |
| topic | Multi-terminal DC system Traveling wave Non-unit protection Vector fitting algorithm Derivative-free conjugate gradient algorithm |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061524005933 |
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