Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Structure Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Sugarcane Leaves and Bagasse

The leaves and bagasse of sugarcane, an important food and economically significant crop, are recognized as two major residues. These materials are abundant in resources and rich in bioactive compounds, and their significant potential for the development of functional foods and health products is ac...

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Main Authors: Jinhua LU, Qingxia YUAN, Zhenzhen YANG, Chunxiu HUANG, Ling Tang Pei, Zheng LI, Yaowen LIAO, Jian ZHANG, Longyan ZHAO, Xiaotao HOU, Jiagang DENG
Format: Article
Language:zho
Published: The editorial department of Science and Technology of Food Industry 2025-07-01
Series:Shipin gongye ke-ji
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Online Access:http://www.spgykj.com/cn/article/doi/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024090025
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author Jinhua LU
Qingxia YUAN
Zhenzhen YANG
Chunxiu HUANG
Ling Tang Pei
Zheng LI
Yaowen LIAO
Jian ZHANG
Longyan ZHAO
Xiaotao HOU
Jiagang DENG
author_facet Jinhua LU
Qingxia YUAN
Zhenzhen YANG
Chunxiu HUANG
Ling Tang Pei
Zheng LI
Yaowen LIAO
Jian ZHANG
Longyan ZHAO
Xiaotao HOU
Jiagang DENG
author_sort Jinhua LU
collection DOAJ
description The leaves and bagasse of sugarcane, an important food and economically significant crop, are recognized as two major residues. These materials are abundant in resources and rich in bioactive compounds, and their significant potential for the development of functional foods and health products is acknowledged. Polysaccharides are recognized as the main active components of sugarcane leaves and bagasse. Extraction is performed using traditional techniques with water and alkaline solutions as solvents, as well as auxiliary methods such as enzymatic, ultrasonic, microwave, and high-temperature-high-pressure extraction, which are based on the traditional techniques. Among these, the disruption of the lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC) is recognized as key to improving polysaccharide extraction efficiency. Sugarcane leaves and bagasse are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and water-soluble polysaccharides. Cellulose is mainly composed of β-glucans possessing a β-1,4-glucose main chain, and hemicellulose is generally composed of xylan with a β-1,4-xylopyranose main chain. The structures of water-soluble polysaccharides are considered more complex, being composed of various monosaccharides, such as mannose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose, along with various glycosidic linkages. Sugarcane leaves and bagasse polysaccharides are known to possess rich biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-tumor, diabetes-improving, anti-cardiovascular disease, immune-regulating and gastric-protective effects. They are considered to have great application potential in the fields of food, health products, and medicine. Although the physicochemical properties and activities of polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves and bagasse have been extensively studied, further investigation is warranted regarding their structural elucidation, structure-activity relationships, and underlying mechanisms. Building upon a comprehensive review of relevant literature, this paper systematically summarizes recent advances in these areas. The current status of polysaccharide modification and application is also briefly analyzed, with the aim of providing a useful reference for further research and development of these polysaccharides.
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spelling doaj-art-b9073aeaef98408ba48bf5588d7cec4f2025-08-20T03:28:13ZzhoThe editorial department of Science and Technology of Food IndustryShipin gongye ke-ji1002-03062025-07-01461445847210.13386/j.issn1002-0306.20240900252024090025-14Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Structure Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Sugarcane Leaves and BagasseJinhua LU0Qingxia YUAN1Zhenzhen YANG2Chunxiu HUANG3Ling Tang Pei4Zheng LI5Yaowen LIAO6Jian ZHANG7Longyan ZHAO8Xiaotao HOU9Jiagang DENG10College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, ChinaInstitute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, ChinaDepartment of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, Kuala Lumpur 53300, MalaysiaGuangxi Fengtang Biochemical Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545002, ChinaGuangxi Fengtang Biochemical Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545002, ChinaGuangxi Fengtang Biochemical Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545002, ChinaInstitute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi, Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, ChinaThe leaves and bagasse of sugarcane, an important food and economically significant crop, are recognized as two major residues. These materials are abundant in resources and rich in bioactive compounds, and their significant potential for the development of functional foods and health products is acknowledged. Polysaccharides are recognized as the main active components of sugarcane leaves and bagasse. Extraction is performed using traditional techniques with water and alkaline solutions as solvents, as well as auxiliary methods such as enzymatic, ultrasonic, microwave, and high-temperature-high-pressure extraction, which are based on the traditional techniques. Among these, the disruption of the lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC) is recognized as key to improving polysaccharide extraction efficiency. Sugarcane leaves and bagasse are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and water-soluble polysaccharides. Cellulose is mainly composed of β-glucans possessing a β-1,4-glucose main chain, and hemicellulose is generally composed of xylan with a β-1,4-xylopyranose main chain. The structures of water-soluble polysaccharides are considered more complex, being composed of various monosaccharides, such as mannose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose, along with various glycosidic linkages. Sugarcane leaves and bagasse polysaccharides are known to possess rich biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-tumor, diabetes-improving, anti-cardiovascular disease, immune-regulating and gastric-protective effects. They are considered to have great application potential in the fields of food, health products, and medicine. Although the physicochemical properties and activities of polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves and bagasse have been extensively studied, further investigation is warranted regarding their structural elucidation, structure-activity relationships, and underlying mechanisms. Building upon a comprehensive review of relevant literature, this paper systematically summarizes recent advances in these areas. The current status of polysaccharide modification and application is also briefly analyzed, with the aim of providing a useful reference for further research and development of these polysaccharides.http://www.spgykj.com/cn/article/doi/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024090025sugarcane residuessugarcane leavessugarcane bagassepolysaccharideextractionstructurebioactivities
spellingShingle Jinhua LU
Qingxia YUAN
Zhenzhen YANG
Chunxiu HUANG
Ling Tang Pei
Zheng LI
Yaowen LIAO
Jian ZHANG
Longyan ZHAO
Xiaotao HOU
Jiagang DENG
Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Structure Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Sugarcane Leaves and Bagasse
Shipin gongye ke-ji
sugarcane residues
sugarcane leaves
sugarcane bagasse
polysaccharide
extraction
structure
bioactivities
title Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Structure Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Sugarcane Leaves and Bagasse
title_full Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Structure Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Sugarcane Leaves and Bagasse
title_fullStr Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Structure Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Sugarcane Leaves and Bagasse
title_full_unstemmed Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Structure Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Sugarcane Leaves and Bagasse
title_short Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Structure Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Sugarcane Leaves and Bagasse
title_sort research progress on extraction isolation purification structure characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves and bagasse
topic sugarcane residues
sugarcane leaves
sugarcane bagasse
polysaccharide
extraction
structure
bioactivities
url http://www.spgykj.com/cn/article/doi/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024090025
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