Transition to Advanced Heart Failure: From Identification to Improving Prognosis
Advanced heart failure (AHF) represents the terminal stage of heart failure (HF), characterized by persistent symptoms and functional limitations despite optimal guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). This review explores the clinical definition, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches for A...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/12/3/104 |
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