Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerations
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a heterogeneous malignant neoplasm characterized by intricate molecular pathways and a varied genetic landscape, resulting in a diminished 5-year survival rate. Due to this complexity, many trials of emerging therapies are failing to improve the outcome and sur...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1626243/full |
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| author | Salima Shebbo Salima Shebbo Nooralhuda Alateyah Esraa Yassin Esraa Yassin Doaa El Sayed Mahmoud Faleh Tamimi Lamyia Anweigi Abdelbary Elhissi Haissam Abou-Saleh Mohamed A. Elrayess Mohamed A. Elrayess Abdelali Agouni |
| author_facet | Salima Shebbo Salima Shebbo Nooralhuda Alateyah Esraa Yassin Esraa Yassin Doaa El Sayed Mahmoud Faleh Tamimi Lamyia Anweigi Abdelbary Elhissi Haissam Abou-Saleh Mohamed A. Elrayess Mohamed A. Elrayess Abdelali Agouni |
| author_sort | Salima Shebbo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a heterogeneous malignant neoplasm characterized by intricate molecular pathways and a varied genetic landscape, resulting in a diminished 5-year survival rate. Due to this complexity, many trials of emerging therapies are failing to improve the outcome and survival rate of OSCC, posing a great challenge in the management of this cancer. This review examines the key molecular pathways, genetic susceptibility, and the influence of the microbiome in the advancement of OSCC. Furthermore, it analyses contemporary therapeutic approaches, their limitations, and prospects, especially the incorporation of immunotherapy. The discussion will also encompass the difficulties in turning research findings into successful therapeutic applications and enhancing the patient’s quality of life. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b71462afbe7b4c59957ef9e45320a372 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b71462afbe7b4c59957ef9e45320a3722025-08-20T03:37:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-08-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.16262431626243Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerationsSalima Shebbo0Salima Shebbo1Nooralhuda Alateyah2Esraa Yassin3Esraa Yassin4Doaa El Sayed Mahmoud5Faleh Tamimi6Lamyia Anweigi7Abdelbary Elhissi8Haissam Abou-Saleh9Mohamed A. Elrayess10Mohamed A. Elrayess11Abdelali Agouni12College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarBiomedical Research Center, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Medicine, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Dental Medicine, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Dental Medicine, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Dental Medicine, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarBiomedical Research Center, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Medicine, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a heterogeneous malignant neoplasm characterized by intricate molecular pathways and a varied genetic landscape, resulting in a diminished 5-year survival rate. Due to this complexity, many trials of emerging therapies are failing to improve the outcome and survival rate of OSCC, posing a great challenge in the management of this cancer. This review examines the key molecular pathways, genetic susceptibility, and the influence of the microbiome in the advancement of OSCC. Furthermore, it analyses contemporary therapeutic approaches, their limitations, and prospects, especially the incorporation of immunotherapy. The discussion will also encompass the difficulties in turning research findings into successful therapeutic applications and enhancing the patient’s quality of life.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1626243/fulloral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)molecular pathwaysgenetic predispositionimmunotherapytherapeutic challenges |
| spellingShingle | Salima Shebbo Salima Shebbo Nooralhuda Alateyah Esraa Yassin Esraa Yassin Doaa El Sayed Mahmoud Faleh Tamimi Lamyia Anweigi Abdelbary Elhissi Haissam Abou-Saleh Mohamed A. Elrayess Mohamed A. Elrayess Abdelali Agouni Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerations Frontiers in Immunology oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) molecular pathways genetic predisposition immunotherapy therapeutic challenges |
| title | Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerations |
| title_full | Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerations |
| title_fullStr | Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerations |
| title_short | Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerations |
| title_sort | unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape an insight into disease complexity available therapies and future considerations |
| topic | oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) molecular pathways genetic predisposition immunotherapy therapeutic challenges |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1626243/full |
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