Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation
Abstract Recent study aimed to fabricate pH responsive, intelligent, Pluronic F127 based polymeric system for controlled delivery of Famciclovir. Nine formulations were developed through free radical polymerization. Polymeric system exhibited pH dependent swelling by showing higher degree of swellin...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96739-4 |
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| author | Irum Iftikhar Kashif Barkat Syed Faisal Badshah Muhammad Umer Ashraf Yasir Mehmood Irfan Anjum Gamal A. Shazly Amira Metouekel Youssouf Ali Younous Mohammed Bourhia |
| author_facet | Irum Iftikhar Kashif Barkat Syed Faisal Badshah Muhammad Umer Ashraf Yasir Mehmood Irfan Anjum Gamal A. Shazly Amira Metouekel Youssouf Ali Younous Mohammed Bourhia |
| author_sort | Irum Iftikhar |
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| description | Abstract Recent study aimed to fabricate pH responsive, intelligent, Pluronic F127 based polymeric system for controlled delivery of Famciclovir. Nine formulations were developed through free radical polymerization. Polymeric system exhibited pH dependent swelling by showing higher degree of swelling in simulated intestinal fluid of pH 7.4 while negligible swelling in simulated gastric fluid of pH 1.2. Drug loading increased with increase in percent water content. Famciclovir loading percent was found in range of 60.892% to 73.741%. In FTIR spectra, characteristic peaks were achieved confirming the successful grafting of drug in polymeric system. PXRD results demonstrated the conversion of crystalline nature of Famciclovir into an amorphous one in the loaded hydrogel. SEM confirmed the porous nature of hydrogel. Famciclovir loaded hydrogel showed superior thermal behavior as compared to the drug alone. In vitro Famciclovir release studies unveiled small quantity of drug release in simulated gastric fluid (25.55–34.89%) while maximal release in simulated intestinal fluid (90.12–99.13%) for 36 h was documented thereby confirming pH regulated release. Application of DD solver revealed that PLMA hydrogels followed zero order while First order was being followed by Famciclovir marketed tablet. No toxicity signs were observed in rabbits establishing the biosafety of system. Hence, the results suggest that Pluronic based polymeric system can act as promising carrier for controlled, site specific delivery of Famciclovir in intestine for prolonged period thereby reducing its dosing frequency and minimizing gastric side effects for treating Herpes and Varicella zoster infections. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b6ec1676f22a4a119ebc9e8833baf5f32025-08-20T02:03:35ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115112110.1038/s41598-025-96739-4Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluationIrum Iftikhar0Kashif Barkat1Syed Faisal Badshah2Muhammad Umer Ashraf3Yasir Mehmood4Irfan Anjum5Gamal A. Shazly6Amira Metouekel7Youssouf Ali Younous8Mohammed Bourhia9Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of LahoreFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of LahoreDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Poonch RawalakotFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of LahoreRiphah Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International UniversityDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer- E-Millat UniversityDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud UniversityBOI R&D Laboratory, Bioval Ocean Indian Research and Innovation CompanyEvangelical CollegeLaboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr UniversityAbstract Recent study aimed to fabricate pH responsive, intelligent, Pluronic F127 based polymeric system for controlled delivery of Famciclovir. Nine formulations were developed through free radical polymerization. Polymeric system exhibited pH dependent swelling by showing higher degree of swelling in simulated intestinal fluid of pH 7.4 while negligible swelling in simulated gastric fluid of pH 1.2. Drug loading increased with increase in percent water content. Famciclovir loading percent was found in range of 60.892% to 73.741%. In FTIR spectra, characteristic peaks were achieved confirming the successful grafting of drug in polymeric system. PXRD results demonstrated the conversion of crystalline nature of Famciclovir into an amorphous one in the loaded hydrogel. SEM confirmed the porous nature of hydrogel. Famciclovir loaded hydrogel showed superior thermal behavior as compared to the drug alone. In vitro Famciclovir release studies unveiled small quantity of drug release in simulated gastric fluid (25.55–34.89%) while maximal release in simulated intestinal fluid (90.12–99.13%) for 36 h was documented thereby confirming pH regulated release. Application of DD solver revealed that PLMA hydrogels followed zero order while First order was being followed by Famciclovir marketed tablet. No toxicity signs were observed in rabbits establishing the biosafety of system. Hence, the results suggest that Pluronic based polymeric system can act as promising carrier for controlled, site specific delivery of Famciclovir in intestine for prolonged period thereby reducing its dosing frequency and minimizing gastric side effects for treating Herpes and Varicella zoster infections.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96739-4Pluronic F127FamciclovirPolymeric systemReduced dosing frequencyProlonged release |
| spellingShingle | Irum Iftikhar Kashif Barkat Syed Faisal Badshah Muhammad Umer Ashraf Yasir Mehmood Irfan Anjum Gamal A. Shazly Amira Metouekel Youssouf Ali Younous Mohammed Bourhia Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation Scientific Reports Pluronic F127 Famciclovir Polymeric system Reduced dosing frequency Prolonged release |
| title | Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation |
| title_full | Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation |
| title_short | Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation |
| title_sort | formulation of ph responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation |
| topic | Pluronic F127 Famciclovir Polymeric system Reduced dosing frequency Prolonged release |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96739-4 |
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