Joint Effects of Lifestyle Habits and Heavy Metals Exposure on Chronic Stress Among U.S. Adults: Insights from NHANES 2017–2018

Background: Chronic stress, characterized by sustained activation of physiological stress response systems, is a key risk factor for numerous health conditions. Allostatic load (AL), a biomarker of cumulative physiological stress, offers a quantitative measure of this burden. Lifestyle habits such a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Esther Ogundipe, Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Xenobiotics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/15/1/7
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