Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitis

Abstract Periodontitis is characterized by the activity of neutrophil elastase, a host defense factor that leads to the destruction of the epithelial barrier and bacterial invasion of the periodontal tissue. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitors (SLPI), predominantly secreted by epithelial cells,...

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Main Authors: Karin Sasagawa, Hisanori Domon, Satoru Hirayama, Tomoki Maekawa, Toshihito Isono, Koichi Tabeta, Yutaka Terao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Communications Biology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08197-3
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author Karin Sasagawa
Hisanori Domon
Satoru Hirayama
Tomoki Maekawa
Toshihito Isono
Koichi Tabeta
Yutaka Terao
author_facet Karin Sasagawa
Hisanori Domon
Satoru Hirayama
Tomoki Maekawa
Toshihito Isono
Koichi Tabeta
Yutaka Terao
author_sort Karin Sasagawa
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Periodontitis is characterized by the activity of neutrophil elastase, a host defense factor that leads to the destruction of the epithelial barrier and bacterial invasion of the periodontal tissue. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitors (SLPI), predominantly secreted by epithelial cells, diffuse into the mucosal surface and inhibit excessive tissue loss caused by elastase during inflammation. The SLPI level is high in healthy gingiva and low in severe periodontitis. In this study, we hypothesized that intragingival administration of SLPI inhibits periodontal tissue destruction caused by periodontitis. Administration of SLPI significantly reduced neutrophil elastase activity in periodontal tissue and alleviated alveolar bone loss in mice. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that SLPI administration downregulated the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and osteoclast-related factors in the gingival tissue. Furthermore, in vitro treatment of bone marrow macrophages with SLPI resulted in the downregulation of osteoclast differentiation. SLPI treatment of MC3T3-E1 cells promoted osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. These findings suggest that SLPI protects against periodontal tissue damage by suppressing inflammation and bone resorption and promoting bone regeneration.
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spelling doaj-art-b613e34a76a340db8bde8605afbfe5392025-08-20T01:51:28ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Biology2399-36422025-05-01811910.1038/s42003-025-08197-3Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitisKarin Sasagawa0Hisanori Domon1Satoru Hirayama2Tomoki Maekawa3Toshihito Isono4Koichi Tabeta5Yutaka Terao6Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDivision of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDivision of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDivision of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDivision of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDivision of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDivision of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesAbstract Periodontitis is characterized by the activity of neutrophil elastase, a host defense factor that leads to the destruction of the epithelial barrier and bacterial invasion of the periodontal tissue. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitors (SLPI), predominantly secreted by epithelial cells, diffuse into the mucosal surface and inhibit excessive tissue loss caused by elastase during inflammation. The SLPI level is high in healthy gingiva and low in severe periodontitis. In this study, we hypothesized that intragingival administration of SLPI inhibits periodontal tissue destruction caused by periodontitis. Administration of SLPI significantly reduced neutrophil elastase activity in periodontal tissue and alleviated alveolar bone loss in mice. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that SLPI administration downregulated the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and osteoclast-related factors in the gingival tissue. Furthermore, in vitro treatment of bone marrow macrophages with SLPI resulted in the downregulation of osteoclast differentiation. SLPI treatment of MC3T3-E1 cells promoted osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. These findings suggest that SLPI protects against periodontal tissue damage by suppressing inflammation and bone resorption and promoting bone regeneration.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08197-3
spellingShingle Karin Sasagawa
Hisanori Domon
Satoru Hirayama
Tomoki Maekawa
Toshihito Isono
Koichi Tabeta
Yutaka Terao
Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitis
Communications Biology
title Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitis
title_full Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitis
title_fullStr Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitis
title_full_unstemmed Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitis
title_short Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitis
title_sort secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor regulates bone metabolism and inflammation in experimental mouse periodontitis
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08197-3
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