Acute Heart Failure and Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathies: A Comprehensive Review and Critical Appraisal

Acute heart failure (AHF) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by the rapid or gradual onset of symptoms and/or signs of heart failure (HF), leading to an unplanned hospital admission or an emergency department visit. AHF is the leading cause of hospitalization in patients over 65 years, thu...

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Main Authors: Lina Manzi, Federica Buongiorno, Viviana Narciso, Domenico Florimonte, Imma Forzano, Domenico Simone Castiello, Luca Sperandeo, Roberta Paolillo, Nicola Verde, Alessandra Spinelli, Stefano Cristiano, Marisa Avvedimento, Mario Enrico Canonico, Luca Bardi, Giuseppe Giugliano, Giuseppe Gargiulo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Diagnostics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/5/540
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