Validation of different turbulence models to analyse flow characteristics within a toroidal crank-rocker engine using particle image velocimetry

This paper examines the influence of CFD turbulence models on the in-cylinder flow characteristics for the intake and compression strokes within a single cylinder 120 cc toroidal crank-rocker engine. The turbulence models include four Reynold’s Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) models, standard k-ε, Re-...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Abdullah Jamil, M.B. Baharom, Adeel Tariq, Farooq I. Azam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:Alexandria Engineering Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016825006520
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