Investigating stethoscope hygiene practices and bacterial contamination among medical trainees: an educational perspective

Abstract The stethoscope, crucial in medical diagnosis, links doctors and patients. With the threat of healthcare associated infections (HAIs), understanding stethoscope contamination and medical students’ awareness is imperative. This study conducted from September to December 2022, the research in...

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Main Authors: Mousa Ali, Mahdi Awwad, Mahmoud Eid, Ahmad Jawabreh, Fatema Abu-Tair, Abdalraziq Zarour, Ahmed Mousa, Mohammad Qadi, Ashraf R. Zayed, Abdulsalam Alkaiyat
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07231-y
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