Lymphocyte exhaustion in hepatocellular carcinoma: a dynamic evolution across disease stages

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy. However, their efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited, highlighting the need to further explore immune microenvironments and novel biomarkers. This study examined lymphocyte populations and immune checkpoin...

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Main Authors: Carla Fuster-Anglada, Josep Corominas, Aida Marsal, Neus Llarch, Gemma Iserte, Marco Sanduzzi-Zamparelli, Alejandro Forner, Joana Ferrer-Fábrega, Victor Holguin, Albert Morales, Carolina Saavedra, Maria Reig, Loreto Boix, Montserrat Marí, Alba Díaz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1611365/full
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