Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study exploring associations across body composition categories
Abstract Background Sarcopenia is prevalent among hemodialysis patients and is associated with poor outcomes. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an easily obtainable marker of inflammation, may predict sarcopenia risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between NLR and sarcopenia...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08291-x |
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| author | Yogesh M. Parth Anilbhai Parmar Soumya Sharma Jay Pareshbhai Kakadiya Dhruv Lakkad |
| author_facet | Yogesh M. Parth Anilbhai Parmar Soumya Sharma Jay Pareshbhai Kakadiya Dhruv Lakkad |
| author_sort | Yogesh M. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sarcopenia is prevalent among hemodialysis patients and is associated with poor outcomes. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an easily obtainable marker of inflammation, may predict sarcopenia risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between NLR and sarcopenia risk in maintenance hemodialysis patients, examining this association in the context of obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study included 411 maintenance hemodialysis patients. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria-2019 (AWGS 2019). Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Logistic regression models examined associations between NLR and sarcopenia risk, adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses were stratified by obesity status. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 51% (95% CI: 45.1-54.9%), with 37.2% classified as sarcopenic non-obese and 13.6% as sarcopenic obese. In fully adjusted models, each unit increase in NLR was associated with 10% higher odds of sarcopenia overall (OR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00-1.21, p = 0.048). This association remained significant in sarcopenic obese patients (OR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.00-1.32, p = 0.049). Patients in the highest NLR tertile had 1.95 times higher odds of sarcopenia compared to the lowest tertile (95% CI: 1.12–3.40, p = 0.018), with a significant trend across tertiles (p-trend = 0.015). Conclusions NLR is independently associated with sarcopenia risk in hemodialysis patients, including those with obesity. These findings suggest NLR could serve as a simple, cost-effective tool for identifying hemodialysis patients at high risk of sarcopenia, potentially facilitating early intervention strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b10d3d54b1514428aa1df9700e893981 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2474 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| spelling | doaj-art-b10d3d54b1514428aa1df9700e8939812025-01-12T12:04:44ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742025-01-012611910.1186/s12891-025-08291-xNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study exploring associations across body composition categoriesYogesh M.0Parth Anilbhai Parmar1Soumya Sharma2Jay Pareshbhai Kakadiya3Dhruv Lakkad4Department of Community Medicine, Shri M P Shah Government Medical CollegeDepartment of Community Medicine, Shri M P Shah Government Medical CollegeShri M P Shah Government Medical CollegeShri M P Shah Government Medical CollegeShri M P Shah Government Medical CollegeAbstract Background Sarcopenia is prevalent among hemodialysis patients and is associated with poor outcomes. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an easily obtainable marker of inflammation, may predict sarcopenia risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between NLR and sarcopenia risk in maintenance hemodialysis patients, examining this association in the context of obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study included 411 maintenance hemodialysis patients. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria-2019 (AWGS 2019). Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Logistic regression models examined associations between NLR and sarcopenia risk, adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses were stratified by obesity status. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 51% (95% CI: 45.1-54.9%), with 37.2% classified as sarcopenic non-obese and 13.6% as sarcopenic obese. In fully adjusted models, each unit increase in NLR was associated with 10% higher odds of sarcopenia overall (OR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00-1.21, p = 0.048). This association remained significant in sarcopenic obese patients (OR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.00-1.32, p = 0.049). Patients in the highest NLR tertile had 1.95 times higher odds of sarcopenia compared to the lowest tertile (95% CI: 1.12–3.40, p = 0.018), with a significant trend across tertiles (p-trend = 0.015). Conclusions NLR is independently associated with sarcopenia risk in hemodialysis patients, including those with obesity. These findings suggest NLR could serve as a simple, cost-effective tool for identifying hemodialysis patients at high risk of sarcopenia, potentially facilitating early intervention strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08291-xSarcopeniaHemodialysisNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratioObesityAWGS 2019Prevalence |
| spellingShingle | Yogesh M. Parth Anilbhai Parmar Soumya Sharma Jay Pareshbhai Kakadiya Dhruv Lakkad Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study exploring associations across body composition categories BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Sarcopenia Hemodialysis Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Obesity AWGS 2019 Prevalence |
| title | Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study exploring associations across body composition categories |
| title_full | Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study exploring associations across body composition categories |
| title_fullStr | Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study exploring associations across body composition categories |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study exploring associations across body composition categories |
| title_short | Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study exploring associations across body composition categories |
| title_sort | neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a novel predictor of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients a cross sectional study exploring associations across body composition categories |
| topic | Sarcopenia Hemodialysis Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Obesity AWGS 2019 Prevalence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08291-x |
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