High tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies lymph node-negative basal-like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosis

Abstract Background Tumor immune cell infiltration is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancer. Most triple-negative tumors belong to the aggressive basal-like subtype. We hypothesized that immune gene expression may identify low-risk patients for whom adjuvant chemotherapy can...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Andreas Hagen Røssevold, Xavier Tekpli, Ole Christian Lingjærde, Hege G. Russnes, Johan Vallon-Christersson, Elin Borgen, Jon Lømo, Øystein Garred, Esmaeil Dorraji, Vessela N. Kristensen, Bjørn Naume, Jon Amund Kyte
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-06-01
Series:Communications Medicine
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00865-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850111631110963200
author Andreas Hagen Røssevold
Xavier Tekpli
Ole Christian Lingjærde
Hege G. Russnes
Johan Vallon-Christersson
Elin Borgen
Jon Lømo
Øystein Garred
Esmaeil Dorraji
Vessela N. Kristensen
Bjørn Naume
Jon Amund Kyte
author_facet Andreas Hagen Røssevold
Xavier Tekpli
Ole Christian Lingjærde
Hege G. Russnes
Johan Vallon-Christersson
Elin Borgen
Jon Lømo
Øystein Garred
Esmaeil Dorraji
Vessela N. Kristensen
Bjørn Naume
Jon Amund Kyte
author_sort Andreas Hagen Røssevold
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Tumor immune cell infiltration is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancer. Most triple-negative tumors belong to the aggressive basal-like subtype. We hypothesized that immune gene expression may identify low-risk patients for whom adjuvant chemotherapy can be de-escalated. Methods The expression of 753 immune-related genes was analyzed in tumor biopsies from 45 patients with basal-like disease and no lymph node metastases (Oslo1 cohort) and evaluated for prognostic value. Findings were validated in two independent cohorts. Oslo1 biopsies were also analyzed for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). Results Here we show that a high expression of CTLA4 (above 63rd percentile) is associated with an excellent prognosis in the Oslo1 cohort. None of the patients in the CTLA4 high group suffered disease recurrence (median follow-up 7.4 years) or breast cancer-related death (median follow-up 17.7 years). Analysis of the SCAN-B (n = 233; 97% without distant recurrence in CTLA4high group) and METABRIC cohorts (n = 155; 93% disease-specific survival in CTLA4high group) validates this finding, which also applies to patients who did not receive chemotherapy. CTLA4 expression correlates with TIL score and TLS levels (Oslo1 cohort), but no TILlow/CTLA4 high patients died from breast cancer, suggesting that the CTLA4 readout identifies low-risk patients not captured by TIL assessment. Conclusions A high primary tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies patients with an excellent prognosis, for whom standard chemotherapy may be de-escalated or omitted.
format Article
id doaj-art-afdac54ef95a48fda1c87b56dd7d45a5
institution OA Journals
issn 2730-664X
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Medicine
spelling doaj-art-afdac54ef95a48fda1c87b56dd7d45a52025-08-20T02:37:35ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Medicine2730-664X2025-06-015111310.1038/s43856-025-00865-zHigh tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies lymph node-negative basal-like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosisAndreas Hagen Røssevold0Xavier Tekpli1Ole Christian Lingjærde2Hege G. Russnes3Johan Vallon-Christersson4Elin Borgen5Jon Lømo6Øystein Garred7Esmaeil Dorraji8Vessela N. Kristensen9Bjørn Naume10Jon Amund Kyte11Department of Clinical Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Medical Genetics, Clinic for Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University HospitalDivision of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Pathology, Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Pathology, Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University HospitalInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of OsloInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of OsloDepartment of Clinical Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, Oslo University HospitalAbstract Background Tumor immune cell infiltration is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancer. Most triple-negative tumors belong to the aggressive basal-like subtype. We hypothesized that immune gene expression may identify low-risk patients for whom adjuvant chemotherapy can be de-escalated. Methods The expression of 753 immune-related genes was analyzed in tumor biopsies from 45 patients with basal-like disease and no lymph node metastases (Oslo1 cohort) and evaluated for prognostic value. Findings were validated in two independent cohorts. Oslo1 biopsies were also analyzed for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). Results Here we show that a high expression of CTLA4 (above 63rd percentile) is associated with an excellent prognosis in the Oslo1 cohort. None of the patients in the CTLA4 high group suffered disease recurrence (median follow-up 7.4 years) or breast cancer-related death (median follow-up 17.7 years). Analysis of the SCAN-B (n = 233; 97% without distant recurrence in CTLA4high group) and METABRIC cohorts (n = 155; 93% disease-specific survival in CTLA4high group) validates this finding, which also applies to patients who did not receive chemotherapy. CTLA4 expression correlates with TIL score and TLS levels (Oslo1 cohort), but no TILlow/CTLA4 high patients died from breast cancer, suggesting that the CTLA4 readout identifies low-risk patients not captured by TIL assessment. Conclusions A high primary tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies patients with an excellent prognosis, for whom standard chemotherapy may be de-escalated or omitted.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00865-z
spellingShingle Andreas Hagen Røssevold
Xavier Tekpli
Ole Christian Lingjærde
Hege G. Russnes
Johan Vallon-Christersson
Elin Borgen
Jon Lømo
Øystein Garred
Esmaeil Dorraji
Vessela N. Kristensen
Bjørn Naume
Jon Amund Kyte
High tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies lymph node-negative basal-like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosis
Communications Medicine
title High tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies lymph node-negative basal-like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosis
title_full High tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies lymph node-negative basal-like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosis
title_fullStr High tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies lymph node-negative basal-like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosis
title_full_unstemmed High tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies lymph node-negative basal-like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosis
title_short High tumor expression of CTLA4 identifies lymph node-negative basal-like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosis
title_sort high tumor expression of ctla4 identifies lymph node negative basal like breast cancer patients with excellent prognosis
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00865-z
work_keys_str_mv AT andreashagenrøssevold hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT xaviertekpli hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT olechristianlingjærde hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT hegegrussnes hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT johanvallonchristersson hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT elinborgen hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT jonlømo hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT øysteingarred hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT esmaeildorraji hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT vesselankristensen hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT bjørnnaume hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis
AT jonamundkyte hightumorexpressionofctla4identifieslymphnodenegativebasallikebreastcancerpatientswithexcellentprognosis