Stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ash
Abstract This study investigates the effectiveness of using various agricultural waste ashes—namely eggshell ash (ESA), clamshell ash (CSA), cockle shell ash (CKSA), and oyster shell ash (OSA)—for the stabilization of expansive clay soils (ECS). Laboratory experiments assessed the impacts of these a...
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| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94980-5 |
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| author | Sultan Almuaythir Muhammad Syamsul Imran Zaini Muzamir Hasan Md. Ikramul Hoque |
| author_facet | Sultan Almuaythir Muhammad Syamsul Imran Zaini Muzamir Hasan Md. Ikramul Hoque |
| author_sort | Sultan Almuaythir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study investigates the effectiveness of using various agricultural waste ashes—namely eggshell ash (ESA), clamshell ash (CSA), cockle shell ash (CKSA), and oyster shell ash (OSA)—for the stabilization of expansive clay soils (ECS). Laboratory experiments assessed the impacts of these ashes on the soil’s consistency limits, shrink-swell behavior, compaction properties, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), shear strength, and mineralogical and microstructural characteristics. The results demonstrated that the inclusion of agricultural waste ashes significantly improved the ECS properties by reducing plasticity from 29.6 up to 7.84%, increasing shrinkage limit from 15.55 to 33.06%, reducing free sweeling index from 57 to 39.66%, and enhancing UCS and shear strength from 114.64 to 1509.95 kPa. Microstructural analysis revealed the formation of cementitious compounds that contributed to a denser and more robust soil structure. This research highlights the potential of these waste materials in sustainable soil stabilization, supporting environmental conservation and infrastructure resilience while aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae712745c94a4e648f92fa6d2b72d66a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae712745c94a4e648f92fa6d2b72d66a2025-08-20T03:40:50ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115112210.1038/s41598-025-94980-5Stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ashSultan Almuaythir0Muhammad Syamsul Imran Zaini1Muzamir Hasan2Md. Ikramul Hoque3Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityFaculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobFaculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobDepartment of Building Engineering and Construction Management, Khulna University of Engineering and TechnologyAbstract This study investigates the effectiveness of using various agricultural waste ashes—namely eggshell ash (ESA), clamshell ash (CSA), cockle shell ash (CKSA), and oyster shell ash (OSA)—for the stabilization of expansive clay soils (ECS). Laboratory experiments assessed the impacts of these ashes on the soil’s consistency limits, shrink-swell behavior, compaction properties, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), shear strength, and mineralogical and microstructural characteristics. The results demonstrated that the inclusion of agricultural waste ashes significantly improved the ECS properties by reducing plasticity from 29.6 up to 7.84%, increasing shrinkage limit from 15.55 to 33.06%, reducing free sweeling index from 57 to 39.66%, and enhancing UCS and shear strength from 114.64 to 1509.95 kPa. Microstructural analysis revealed the formation of cementitious compounds that contributed to a denser and more robust soil structure. This research highlights the potential of these waste materials in sustainable soil stabilization, supporting environmental conservation and infrastructure resilience while aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94980-5Agricultural waste ashSustainable soil stabilizationExpansive clay soilUnconfined compressive strengthSoil plasticity reductionEco-friendly construction materials |
| spellingShingle | Sultan Almuaythir Muhammad Syamsul Imran Zaini Muzamir Hasan Md. Ikramul Hoque Stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ash Scientific Reports Agricultural waste ash Sustainable soil stabilization Expansive clay soil Unconfined compressive strength Soil plasticity reduction Eco-friendly construction materials |
| title | Stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ash |
| title_full | Stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ash |
| title_fullStr | Stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ash |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ash |
| title_short | Stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ash |
| title_sort | stabilization of expansive clay soil using shells based agricultural waste ash |
| topic | Agricultural waste ash Sustainable soil stabilization Expansive clay soil Unconfined compressive strength Soil plasticity reduction Eco-friendly construction materials |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94980-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sultanalmuaythir stabilizationofexpansiveclaysoilusingshellsbasedagriculturalwasteash AT muhammadsyamsulimranzaini stabilizationofexpansiveclaysoilusingshellsbasedagriculturalwasteash AT muzamirhasan stabilizationofexpansiveclaysoilusingshellsbasedagriculturalwasteash AT mdikramulhoque stabilizationofexpansiveclaysoilusingshellsbasedagriculturalwasteash |