Inhibitory Effects of 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) Propionic Acid on Amyloid β-Peptide Aggregation In Vitro
<b>Objectives</b>: The compound 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propionic acid (HMPA) is a terminal metabolite derived from polyphenol compounds. It has been studied for its potential to support brain health indirectly through its anti-oxidant effects and ability to enhance the gut environ...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/7/1649 |
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| Summary: | <b>Objectives</b>: The compound 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propionic acid (HMPA) is a terminal metabolite derived from polyphenol compounds. It has been studied for its potential to support brain health indirectly through its anti-oxidant effects and ability to enhance the gut environment; however, its role in dementia pathogenesis is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate how HMPA inhibits Aβ42 aggregation in vitro. <b>Methods</b>: We examined the inhibitory effects of HMPA on amyloid-β protein (Aβ) aggregation using a thioflavin T (ThT) assay and electron microscopy (EM). <b>Results</b>: ThT assays demonstrated that HMPA inhibited both the nucleation and elongation phases of Aβ aggregation. Additionally, EM of low-molecular-weight (LMW) Aβ42 in the presence of HMPA demonstrated shorter fibrils compared to those formed without HMPA. The EC<sub>50</sub> of HMPA in LMW Aβ42 was 5–6 mM. <b>Conclusions</b>: These findings indicate that, similar to several polyphenol compounds such as myricetin and rosmarinic acid, HMPA may inhibit Aβ pathogenesis, although it requires a fairly high concentration in vitro. These findings suggest the potential of HMPA as a lead compound for modulating Aβ-related neurodegeneration. |
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| ISSN: | 2227-9059 |