Enhancing human osteoblast to osteocyte-like cell differentiation using 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and all-trans retinoic acid combination
Background: The individual effects of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on osteogenesis have been studied in two-dimensional (2D) in vitro models, but the combined effect of these vitamins remains largely unexplored. Therefore, to address this knowledge gap we ev...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Forum Multimedia Publishing LLC
2025-06-01
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| Series: | European Cells & Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ecmjournal.org/papers/vol051/vol051a09.php |
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