Landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff/synergy with human activities: A case study of the Nanjing metropolitan area, China

Exploring the tradeoff/synergy between landscape ecological risk (LER) and human activities is crucial for advancing sustainable development. Based on land use maps and nighttime light data from 2012, 2017, and 2022, this study used methods such as the landscape index, semivariogram function, and ge...

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Main Authors: Xia Wang, Tianke Zhu, Changzheng Jiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Ecological Indicators
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X24014973
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author Xia Wang
Tianke Zhu
Changzheng Jiang
author_facet Xia Wang
Tianke Zhu
Changzheng Jiang
author_sort Xia Wang
collection DOAJ
description Exploring the tradeoff/synergy between landscape ecological risk (LER) and human activities is crucial for advancing sustainable development. Based on land use maps and nighttime light data from 2012, 2017, and 2022, this study used methods such as the landscape index, semivariogram function, and geodetector to determine the optimal spatial scale of LER in the Nanjing metropolitan area (NMA) and elucidated the spatiotemporal characteristics of LER and human activities. Furthermore, it explored the tradeoff/synergy between LER and human activities and their influencing factors. The results indicated that 60 m and 9 km were the appropriate granularity and amplitude, respectively, for LER analysis in the NMA. From 2012 to 2017, the human activities and LER mainly exhibited a tradeoff effect. However, from 2017 to 2022, the two mainly presented a synergy effect. The impact of precipitation, temperature, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) on the tradeoff/synergy between LER and human activities was significant, and the interaction between precipitation and NDVI was the strongest. This may be because suitable precipitation and temperature boost vegetation growth, enhancing livability, and fostering eco-friendly industries like services, high-tech, and tourism. The low explanatory power of population density may be attributed to the varying intensity of human activities across different regions. Minor elevation changes in the northern and central regions may reduce the explanatory power of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and slope. The research findings offer valuable insights for advancing ecological civilization and promoting regional sustainable development in the NMA.
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spelling doaj-art-a7550fc84f6843c0b9135e986117f7212025-01-31T05:10:37ZengElsevierEcological Indicators1470-160X2025-01-01170113040Landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff/synergy with human activities: A case study of the Nanjing metropolitan area, ChinaXia Wang0Tianke Zhu1Changzheng Jiang2School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, ChinaSchool of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Corresponding author.School of Architecture and Planning, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, ChinaExploring the tradeoff/synergy between landscape ecological risk (LER) and human activities is crucial for advancing sustainable development. Based on land use maps and nighttime light data from 2012, 2017, and 2022, this study used methods such as the landscape index, semivariogram function, and geodetector to determine the optimal spatial scale of LER in the Nanjing metropolitan area (NMA) and elucidated the spatiotemporal characteristics of LER and human activities. Furthermore, it explored the tradeoff/synergy between LER and human activities and their influencing factors. The results indicated that 60 m and 9 km were the appropriate granularity and amplitude, respectively, for LER analysis in the NMA. From 2012 to 2017, the human activities and LER mainly exhibited a tradeoff effect. However, from 2017 to 2022, the two mainly presented a synergy effect. The impact of precipitation, temperature, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) on the tradeoff/synergy between LER and human activities was significant, and the interaction between precipitation and NDVI was the strongest. This may be because suitable precipitation and temperature boost vegetation growth, enhancing livability, and fostering eco-friendly industries like services, high-tech, and tourism. The low explanatory power of population density may be attributed to the varying intensity of human activities across different regions. Minor elevation changes in the northern and central regions may reduce the explanatory power of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and slope. The research findings offer valuable insights for advancing ecological civilization and promoting regional sustainable development in the NMA.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X24014973Landscape ecological riskOptimal scaleHuman activityTradeoff/synergyNanjing metropolitan area
spellingShingle Xia Wang
Tianke Zhu
Changzheng Jiang
Landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff/synergy with human activities: A case study of the Nanjing metropolitan area, China
Ecological Indicators
Landscape ecological risk
Optimal scale
Human activity
Tradeoff/synergy
Nanjing metropolitan area
title Landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff/synergy with human activities: A case study of the Nanjing metropolitan area, China
title_full Landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff/synergy with human activities: A case study of the Nanjing metropolitan area, China
title_fullStr Landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff/synergy with human activities: A case study of the Nanjing metropolitan area, China
title_full_unstemmed Landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff/synergy with human activities: A case study of the Nanjing metropolitan area, China
title_short Landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff/synergy with human activities: A case study of the Nanjing metropolitan area, China
title_sort landscape ecological risk based on optimal scale and its tradeoff synergy with human activities a case study of the nanjing metropolitan area china
topic Landscape ecological risk
Optimal scale
Human activity
Tradeoff/synergy
Nanjing metropolitan area
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X24014973
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AT changzhengjiang landscapeecologicalriskbasedonoptimalscaleanditstradeoffsynergywithhumanactivitiesacasestudyofthenanjingmetropolitanareachina