EMS-SLAM: Dynamic RGB-D SLAM with Semantic-Geometric Constraints for GNSS-Denied Environments

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) exhibit significant performance limitations in signal-deprived environments such as indoor spaces and underground spaces. Although visual SLAM has emerged as a viable solution for ego-motion estimation in GNSS-denied areas, conventional approaches remain c...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jinlong Fan, Yipeng Ning, Jian Wang, Xiang Jia, Dashuai Chai, Xiqi Wang, Ying Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Remote Sensing
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/10/1691
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Summary:Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) exhibit significant performance limitations in signal-deprived environments such as indoor spaces and underground spaces. Although visual SLAM has emerged as a viable solution for ego-motion estimation in GNSS-denied areas, conventional approaches remain constrained by static environment assumptions, resulting in a substantial degradation in accuracy when handling dynamic scenarios. The EMS-SLAM framework combines the geometric constraints and semantics of SLAM to provide a real-time solution for addressing the challenges of robustness and accuracy in dynamic environments. To improve the accuracy of the initial pose, EMS-SLAM employs a feature-matching algorithm based on a graph-cut RANSAC. In addition, a degeneracy-resistant geometric constraint method is proposed, which effectively addresses the degeneracy issues of purely epipolar approaches. Finally, EMS-SLAM combines semantic information with geometric constraints to maintain high accuracy while quickly eliminating dynamic feature points. Experiments were conducted on the public datasets and our collected datasets. The results demonstrate that our method outperformed the current algorithms of SLAM in highly dynamic environments.
ISSN:2072-4292