Reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying, swimming and running

Abstract Investigations into animal locomotion across diverse environments have highlighted the universal applicability of adjustable reciprocal motion, offering insights into simplifying actuation systems for multi-modal robots. However, achieving unified and efficient reciprocal motion with enviro...

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Main Authors: Song Li, Fangyuan Liu, Xin Dong, Jinwu Xiang, Daochun Li, Pakpong Chirarattananon, Zhan Tu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Communications Engineering
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-025-00404-7
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author Song Li
Fangyuan Liu
Xin Dong
Jinwu Xiang
Daochun Li
Pakpong Chirarattananon
Zhan Tu
author_facet Song Li
Fangyuan Liu
Xin Dong
Jinwu Xiang
Daochun Li
Pakpong Chirarattananon
Zhan Tu
author_sort Song Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Investigations into animal locomotion across diverse environments have highlighted the universal applicability of adjustable reciprocal motion, offering insights into simplifying actuation systems for multi-modal robots. However, achieving unified and efficient reciprocal motion with environmental adaptability in miniature robotic systems is challenging due to constraints of size, weight, and the need for controlled degree of freedom. Here, we present the UniCore, a miniature unified actuation platform capable of flying, swimming, and running with modular appendages. This platform features bio-inspired motor-spring resonance actuation systems, with a central controller that generates four adjustable reciprocal control signals based on a central pattern generator model. Performance validation demonstrates UniCore’s proficiency in achieving three distinct modes of locomotion, underscoring the effectiveness of reciprocal motion for the locomotion of both animals and machines. All in all, this work demonstrates the potential of a unified reciprocal actuation platform to eliminate morphological and actuation redundancies commonly found in existing multi-modal robots, paving the way for more efficient and versatile miniature robotic systems.
format Article
id doaj-art-a6a01d62d0784f3e8eb30e5ffd90d090
institution OA Journals
issn 2731-3395
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publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
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series Communications Engineering
spelling doaj-art-a6a01d62d0784f3e8eb30e5ffd90d0902025-08-20T02:12:02ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Engineering2731-33952025-04-014111510.1038/s44172-025-00404-7Reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying, swimming and runningSong Li0Fangyuan Liu1Xin Dong2Jinwu Xiang3Daochun Li4Pakpong Chirarattananon5Zhan Tu6Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, KowloonSchool of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang UniversitySchool of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang UniversitySchool of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang UniversitySchool of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, KowloonTianmushan Laboratory, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang DistrictAbstract Investigations into animal locomotion across diverse environments have highlighted the universal applicability of adjustable reciprocal motion, offering insights into simplifying actuation systems for multi-modal robots. However, achieving unified and efficient reciprocal motion with environmental adaptability in miniature robotic systems is challenging due to constraints of size, weight, and the need for controlled degree of freedom. Here, we present the UniCore, a miniature unified actuation platform capable of flying, swimming, and running with modular appendages. This platform features bio-inspired motor-spring resonance actuation systems, with a central controller that generates four adjustable reciprocal control signals based on a central pattern generator model. Performance validation demonstrates UniCore’s proficiency in achieving three distinct modes of locomotion, underscoring the effectiveness of reciprocal motion for the locomotion of both animals and machines. All in all, this work demonstrates the potential of a unified reciprocal actuation platform to eliminate morphological and actuation redundancies commonly found in existing multi-modal robots, paving the way for more efficient and versatile miniature robotic systems.https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-025-00404-7
spellingShingle Song Li
Fangyuan Liu
Xin Dong
Jinwu Xiang
Daochun Li
Pakpong Chirarattananon
Zhan Tu
Reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying, swimming and running
Communications Engineering
title Reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying, swimming and running
title_full Reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying, swimming and running
title_fullStr Reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying, swimming and running
title_full_unstemmed Reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying, swimming and running
title_short Reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying, swimming and running
title_sort reciprocal actuation core and modular robotic limbs for flying swimming and running
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-025-00404-7
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AT jinwuxiang reciprocalactuationcoreandmodularroboticlimbsforflyingswimmingandrunning
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