Detecting LNAPL migration in real time using electrical resistivity and statistical models

Abstract To address the issue of detecting immediate Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) spillage in subsurface soils, a refined method of Electrical Resistivity (ER) measurement was developed and evaluated in this study. A controlled experiment was conducted using a custom-designed nine-sector s...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ola Tareq al-Hussain, Harris Ramli, Mohammed J. Al-Haidarey, Hayder Yasir Naser
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00702-2
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